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<p>Biofloc as microbial protein fosters a scope to reduce dietary protein level for fish and valorize aquaculture waste. The current study assessed the effect of biofloc on <i>Anabas testudineus</i> fry fed with one optimal and three suboptimal levels of dietary protein, viz. 40% (P40), 35% (P35), 30% (P30), and 25% (P25) crude protein (CP) while rearing in the biofloc system for 90&#xa0;days. A control group was reared in clear water system and fed a 40% CP diet. The results revealed that the growth (weight gain, and specific growth rate) and feed utilisation performance, i.e., apparent feed conversion ratio, were statistically similar (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) between P40 and P35 treatments. The highest activity of proteases and lipase was found in P40 treatment, followed by P35, and this trend was similar to protein metabolic enzyme activity. The graded protein levels neither affected hematological parameters (hemoglobin and RBC count) nor caused oxidative stress in P40 and P35 treatments. Conversely, the P25 treatment demonstrated significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) retarded growth, lowered digestive and metabolic enzyme activities, and accelerated oxidative stress. The IgM, myeloperoxidase, respiratory burst activity, serum protein, and globulin levels of the P40 group were similar to P35 group but considerably higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) than those of P30, P25, and control. The fish carcass composition analysis deciphered equivalent (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) protein retention in the P40 and P35 groups. These outcomes elucidate that the dietary protein level can be reduced to 35% CP for <i>A. testudineus</i> fry in the biofloc system.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Utilization of Biofloc Technology for Potential Dietary Protein Reduction and Improvement of Growth, Digestive Enzyme Activity, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Response of Climbing Perch, Anabas testudineus Fry

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • Sushree Sangeeta Dey,
  • Asanaru Majeedkutty BabithaRani,
  • Naseemashahul Shamna,
  • Upasana Sahoo,
  • Veeramani Maruthi

摘要

Biofloc as microbial protein fosters a scope to reduce dietary protein level for fish and valorize aquaculture waste. The current study assessed the effect of biofloc on Anabas testudineus fry fed with one optimal and three suboptimal levels of dietary protein, viz. 40% (P40), 35% (P35), 30% (P30), and 25% (P25) crude protein (CP) while rearing in the biofloc system for 90 days. A control group was reared in clear water system and fed a 40% CP diet. The results revealed that the growth (weight gain, and specific growth rate) and feed utilisation performance, i.e., apparent feed conversion ratio, were statistically similar (p > 0.05) between P40 and P35 treatments. The highest activity of proteases and lipase was found in P40 treatment, followed by P35, and this trend was similar to protein metabolic enzyme activity. The graded protein levels neither affected hematological parameters (hemoglobin and RBC count) nor caused oxidative stress in P40 and P35 treatments. Conversely, the P25 treatment demonstrated significantly (p < 0.05) retarded growth, lowered digestive and metabolic enzyme activities, and accelerated oxidative stress. The IgM, myeloperoxidase, respiratory burst activity, serum protein, and globulin levels of the P40 group were similar to P35 group but considerably higher (p < 0.05) than those of P30, P25, and control. The fish carcass composition analysis deciphered equivalent (p > 0.05) protein retention in the P40 and P35 groups. These outcomes elucidate that the dietary protein level can be reduced to 35% CP for A. testudineus fry in the biofloc system.

Graphical abstract