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<p>The environmental and health hazards linked to chemically manufactured metal nanoparticles highlight the necessity for sustainable alternatives. This research demonstrates an eco-friendly production of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles utilizing mustard seed (<i>Brassica juncea</i>) extract, which is abundant in phenolic compounds that serve as reducing and stabilizing agents. The produced nanoparticles were studied using FTIR, which confirmed the presence of organic functional groups responsible for reduction and stabilization, and UV–Vis spectroscopy, which revealed absorption peaks between 230 and 280&#xa0;nm. X-ray diffraction indicated a crystallinity index of 70.56% and an average crystallite size of 25.48&#xa0;nm, whilst TGA and DSC studies validated thermal stability. The SEM and TEM investigations revealed primarily spherical nanoparticles measuring between 5&#xa0;nm and 50&#xa0;nm, with an average size of 32.24&#xa0;nm as estimated using ImageJ software. The phenolic chemicals enabled regulated nanoparticle development and inhibited aggregation. The homogeneous morphology, nanoscale dimensions, and enhanced stability of biosynthesized CuO nanoparticles render them promising candidates for further investigation in areas such as nanocomposite fillers, functional coatings, and environmental remediation.</p>

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Synthesis and Physicochemical Characterization of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles from Phenolic-rich Mustard Seed Extract for Potential Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月23日

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  • Rigana Begam Mohamed,
  • Krishna Prakash Arunachalam,
  • Nadir Ayrilmis,
  • Indran Suyambulingam,
  • Sunesh Narayanaperumal

摘要

The environmental and health hazards linked to chemically manufactured metal nanoparticles highlight the necessity for sustainable alternatives. This research demonstrates an eco-friendly production of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles utilizing mustard seed (Brassica juncea) extract, which is abundant in phenolic compounds that serve as reducing and stabilizing agents. The produced nanoparticles were studied using FTIR, which confirmed the presence of organic functional groups responsible for reduction and stabilization, and UV–Vis spectroscopy, which revealed absorption peaks between 230 and 280 nm. X-ray diffraction indicated a crystallinity index of 70.56% and an average crystallite size of 25.48 nm, whilst TGA and DSC studies validated thermal stability. The SEM and TEM investigations revealed primarily spherical nanoparticles measuring between 5 nm and 50 nm, with an average size of 32.24 nm as estimated using ImageJ software. The phenolic chemicals enabled regulated nanoparticle development and inhibited aggregation. The homogeneous morphology, nanoscale dimensions, and enhanced stability of biosynthesized CuO nanoparticles render them promising candidates for further investigation in areas such as nanocomposite fillers, functional coatings, and environmental remediation.