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<p>An experiment over 60&#xa0;days assessed the impact of adding exogenous enzymes to the biofloc system with tilapia. A preliminary sludge hydrolysis experiment has been undertaken to fix the percentage of enzymes (amylase and protease) based on total solids (TS) level for which 4 doses (3,6,12,18% of TS) of a single enzyme (protease or amylase) and mixed enzymes (protease and amylase) in 250&#xa0;mL aquaculture sludge. The 6% mixed enzyme was found to impart a better sludge hydrolytic effect and was chosen for the second experiment. The 6% of mixed exogenous enzymes supplemented in different ratios to the sub culture of biofloc inoculum (1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4 enzyme/ TS) in triplicates to follow a completely randomized design. A conventional biofloc group was maintained as a control (BC). Floc volume is significantly influenced by enzyme-supplemented biofloc tanks than BC. Enzyme addition significantly influenced the inorganic metabolites in the culture media over BC. However, the maximum mean nitrate–N level was observed in T4. The mean weight gain (14.15 ± 0.03 and 13.97 ± 0.01&#xa0;g), percentage weight gain (638.76 ± 1.17 and 630.25 ± 2.79%), specific growth rate (3.33 ± 0.003 and 3.31 ± 0.01) and thermal growth coefficient (0.29 ± 0.0003 and 0.29 ± 0.0002) were significantly higher in T3 and T4 than others. The better feed utilization was found in entire treatment groups compared to control and the survival rate was 100% in T2 and T3. Observations on digestive enzymes, hepatic enzymes, carbohydrate metabolic enzymes and antioxidant enzymes activity did not vary significantly except for amylase activity. The highest amylase activity was observed at T4 (7.46 ± 0.10 U/mg intestinal protein). The nutrient composition of dried biofloc revealed an enhanced crude fibre content in enzyme supplemented biofloc groups than BC. Haematological and serum parameters were optimal for both the experimental and control group. The study found that a 6% concentration of mixed enzymes (amylase and protease) can effectively improve the hydrolysis of inorganic metabolites and accelerate the somatic growth, and haemato-biochemical parameters of Genetically improved farmed tilapia reared in saline ground water.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Impact of the Enzymatic Hydrolysis in Biofloc Inoculum Influences Growth and Haemato-Biochemical Indices of Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia Reared in Inland Saline Ground Water

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月2日

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  • V. Susitharan,
  • Sreedharan Krishnan,
  • Pankaj Kumar,
  • Kapil Sukhdhane,
  • A. M. Babitha Rani

摘要

An experiment over 60 days assessed the impact of adding exogenous enzymes to the biofloc system with tilapia. A preliminary sludge hydrolysis experiment has been undertaken to fix the percentage of enzymes (amylase and protease) based on total solids (TS) level for which 4 doses (3,6,12,18% of TS) of a single enzyme (protease or amylase) and mixed enzymes (protease and amylase) in 250 mL aquaculture sludge. The 6% mixed enzyme was found to impart a better sludge hydrolytic effect and was chosen for the second experiment. The 6% of mixed exogenous enzymes supplemented in different ratios to the sub culture of biofloc inoculum (1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4 enzyme/ TS) in triplicates to follow a completely randomized design. A conventional biofloc group was maintained as a control (BC). Floc volume is significantly influenced by enzyme-supplemented biofloc tanks than BC. Enzyme addition significantly influenced the inorganic metabolites in the culture media over BC. However, the maximum mean nitrate–N level was observed in T4. The mean weight gain (14.15 ± 0.03 and 13.97 ± 0.01 g), percentage weight gain (638.76 ± 1.17 and 630.25 ± 2.79%), specific growth rate (3.33 ± 0.003 and 3.31 ± 0.01) and thermal growth coefficient (0.29 ± 0.0003 and 0.29 ± 0.0002) were significantly higher in T3 and T4 than others. The better feed utilization was found in entire treatment groups compared to control and the survival rate was 100% in T2 and T3. Observations on digestive enzymes, hepatic enzymes, carbohydrate metabolic enzymes and antioxidant enzymes activity did not vary significantly except for amylase activity. The highest amylase activity was observed at T4 (7.46 ± 0.10 U/mg intestinal protein). The nutrient composition of dried biofloc revealed an enhanced crude fibre content in enzyme supplemented biofloc groups than BC. Haematological and serum parameters were optimal for both the experimental and control group. The study found that a 6% concentration of mixed enzymes (amylase and protease) can effectively improve the hydrolysis of inorganic metabolites and accelerate the somatic growth, and haemato-biochemical parameters of Genetically improved farmed tilapia reared in saline ground water.

Graphical Abstract