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<p>The green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) using plant-derived biomasses has gained significant attention due to its cost-effectiveness, environmentally safe with less hazardous by-product formation, and broad applicability. In the present study, Magnesium oxide (MgO) NPs were synthesized using leaf extracts, serving as biogenic reducing and stabilizing agents from two distinct biomasses: <i>Lawsonia inermis</i> (LI) and <i>Bauhinia variegata</i> (BV). The resultant NPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Dynamic light scattering (DLS). These techniques confirm their optoelectronic, physiochemical, and phytochemical functionality with their surface stability. The comparative analysis of LI &amp; BV MgO NPs confirmed lambda max (λmax) at 295 and 267&#xa0;nm along 4.0 and 4.93&#xa0;eV band gaps respectively. The observed crystalline size for the LI &amp; BV MgO NPs is 41&#xa0;nm and 15&#xa0;nm. The synthesized LI &amp; BV MgO NPs were used to check their in vitro antioxidant and anti-diabetic potential. The BV and LI MgO NPs showed maximum % scavenging activity at 74.39 ± 0.529 &amp; 64.75 ± 1.00 with IC<sub>50</sub> 48.607 &amp; 69.154&#xa0;µg/mL respectively. The antidiabetic activity, assessed through α-amylase inhibition, showed that BV and LI MgO NPs exhibited 72.19 ± 0.78 and 63.56 ± 1.04 having IC<sub>50</sub> 64.88 and 81.03&#xa0;µg/mL. These findings indicate that the phytochemical diversity in different biomasses significantly affects the structural and biological properties of green-synthesized MgO NPs, making them promising candidates for future antioxidant and antidiabetic applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Utilization of Two Biomasses from Bauhinia variegata and Lawsonia inermis for Biogenic Synthesis of MgO Nanoparticles: A Comparative Study on Structural Attributes and Pharmaceutical Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月4日

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  • Anam Sajid,
  • Javeria Zahid,
  • Arfaa Sajid,
  • Namra Shaukat,
  • Fatima Nadeem,
  • Qaisar Manzoor,
  • Awais Ahmad

摘要

The green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) using plant-derived biomasses has gained significant attention due to its cost-effectiveness, environmentally safe with less hazardous by-product formation, and broad applicability. In the present study, Magnesium oxide (MgO) NPs were synthesized using leaf extracts, serving as biogenic reducing and stabilizing agents from two distinct biomasses: Lawsonia inermis (LI) and Bauhinia variegata (BV). The resultant NPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Dynamic light scattering (DLS). These techniques confirm their optoelectronic, physiochemical, and phytochemical functionality with their surface stability. The comparative analysis of LI & BV MgO NPs confirmed lambda max (λmax) at 295 and 267 nm along 4.0 and 4.93 eV band gaps respectively. The observed crystalline size for the LI & BV MgO NPs is 41 nm and 15 nm. The synthesized LI & BV MgO NPs were used to check their in vitro antioxidant and anti-diabetic potential. The BV and LI MgO NPs showed maximum % scavenging activity at 74.39 ± 0.529 & 64.75 ± 1.00 with IC50 48.607 & 69.154 µg/mL respectively. The antidiabetic activity, assessed through α-amylase inhibition, showed that BV and LI MgO NPs exhibited 72.19 ± 0.78 and 63.56 ± 1.04 having IC50 64.88 and 81.03 µg/mL. These findings indicate that the phytochemical diversity in different biomasses significantly affects the structural and biological properties of green-synthesized MgO NPs, making them promising candidates for future antioxidant and antidiabetic applications.

Graphical Abstract