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<p>The growing challenge of urban food waste management demands innovative solutions for decentralized processing. Current study focused on to investigate the effect of green waste and its derived biochar on household-scale food waste composting. Green waste and biochar (particle sizes: 0.5–1&#xa0;mm, 3–4&#xa0;mm, and 7–9&#xa0;mm) were mixed in different proportions and used in twelve portable fed-batch composting reactors. The 1:1 mixture with 0.5–1&#xa0;mm biochar emerged as optimal, demonstrating threefold enhancement: 6.9% higher compost quality (maturity indices), 11.3% increased weight loss rate (organic degradation efficiency), and 11.9% improved seed germination index, compared to the control reactor containing only green waste. Microbial analysis showed that <i>Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis</i> and <i>Geotrichum candidum</i> were the dominant bacterial and fungal species in the optimal reactor, with relative abundances of 35% and 26%, respectively. Notably, 7–9&#xa0;mm biochar induced system failure across all ratios, exhibiting 39% excess moisture retention and severe compost agglomeration. These results provide the evidence that biochar particle size governed household composting success, establishing a practical approach for sustainable food waste management.</p>

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Enhanced Household Food Waste Composting Through Biochar and Green Waste Mixture Utilization as Bulking Agent

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月11日

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  • Rajendra Prasad Singh,
  • Yixin Yan,
  • Aozhan Liu,
  • Qingyu Shang,
  • Dafang Fu

摘要

The growing challenge of urban food waste management demands innovative solutions for decentralized processing. Current study focused on to investigate the effect of green waste and its derived biochar on household-scale food waste composting. Green waste and biochar (particle sizes: 0.5–1 mm, 3–4 mm, and 7–9 mm) were mixed in different proportions and used in twelve portable fed-batch composting reactors. The 1:1 mixture with 0.5–1 mm biochar emerged as optimal, demonstrating threefold enhancement: 6.9% higher compost quality (maturity indices), 11.3% increased weight loss rate (organic degradation efficiency), and 11.9% improved seed germination index, compared to the control reactor containing only green waste. Microbial analysis showed that Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis and Geotrichum candidum were the dominant bacterial and fungal species in the optimal reactor, with relative abundances of 35% and 26%, respectively. Notably, 7–9 mm biochar induced system failure across all ratios, exhibiting 39% excess moisture retention and severe compost agglomeration. These results provide the evidence that biochar particle size governed household composting success, establishing a practical approach for sustainable food waste management.