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<p>The present paper aims primarily to investigate the flocculation properties of powdered snail shell in the presence of ferric chloride (FeCl<sub>3</sub>) for the treatment of wastewater collected at the entrance of the wastewater treatment plant in the City of Saida (Algeria). A large laboratory jar test apparatus was used for performing several investigations. In addition, the X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were utilized to characterize the flocculants used in this study. The analysis results indicated the presence of high BOD5 and COD levels in this wastewater. Furthermore, the effects of various experimental parameters, such as pH, turbidity, COD and BOD5, flocculant and coagulant volumes, and turbidity, were also examined. Afterwards, the ideal dose of ferric chloride was determined to be 0.6&#xa0;g, after 60&#xa0;min. It was then found that the turbidity decreased by 96%, the BOD5 by 93%, and CODMn by 46%. Moreover, it emerged that 0.2&#xa0;g of powdered snail shell allowed achieving a rather high flocculation performance when combined with the ferric chloride coagulant, resulting in lower pollution levels. The turbidity rate, which was found equal to 98%, along with the 96% BOD5 and 75% COD reductions, confirmed these results. Finally, the findings indicated that a practical and green coagulation method for wastewater treatment can be achieved by combining natural flocculants, like powdered snail shell, with a coagulant.</p>

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A New Alternative for Wastewater Treatment to Reduce the Turbidity and Organic Matter Using Snail Shell Powder as Flocculant

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月5日

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  • Fatima Zohra Choumane,
  • Fatiha Zaoui,
  • Fatma Kandouci,
  • Bouhana Maachou

摘要

The present paper aims primarily to investigate the flocculation properties of powdered snail shell in the presence of ferric chloride (FeCl3) for the treatment of wastewater collected at the entrance of the wastewater treatment plant in the City of Saida (Algeria). A large laboratory jar test apparatus was used for performing several investigations. In addition, the X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were utilized to characterize the flocculants used in this study. The analysis results indicated the presence of high BOD5 and COD levels in this wastewater. Furthermore, the effects of various experimental parameters, such as pH, turbidity, COD and BOD5, flocculant and coagulant volumes, and turbidity, were also examined. Afterwards, the ideal dose of ferric chloride was determined to be 0.6 g, after 60 min. It was then found that the turbidity decreased by 96%, the BOD5 by 93%, and CODMn by 46%. Moreover, it emerged that 0.2 g of powdered snail shell allowed achieving a rather high flocculation performance when combined with the ferric chloride coagulant, resulting in lower pollution levels. The turbidity rate, which was found equal to 98%, along with the 96% BOD5 and 75% COD reductions, confirmed these results. Finally, the findings indicated that a practical and green coagulation method for wastewater treatment can be achieved by combining natural flocculants, like powdered snail shell, with a coagulant.