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<p>Global consumption of ginger has been growing in recent years resulting in high volumes of ginger root, rhizome, and leaf waste. Valorization of ginger waste is of great importance for a sustainable environment. In this research, ginger leaf waste was considered a valuable source for the extraction of phytotoxic chemicals. Ginger leaf waste from two varieties (<i>Chinese</i> and <i>Sidhdha</i>) was used for extraction using different organic solvents. The extracts were tested for phytotoxicity against elongation of root and shoot of <i>Lactuca sativa</i> seeds, bioassay-guided fractionation as well as spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. All of the tested phytochemical groups were qualitatively identified in the methanolic extracts of both varieties. It was found that the level of inhibition was concentration-dependent, but the effect of variety on the extraction yield and level of phytotoxicity was nonsignificant. The methanolic extract showed significantly higher elongation inhibitions than the other solvent extracts. Accordingly, methanol was found to be the most effective solvent for extracting phytotoxic chemicals. Two potent phytotoxic compounds, named as R/ZO/1 and R/ZO/2, with 100% elongation inhibition, were recovered from the bioassay-guided fractionation. These compounds were identified as polar organic compounds and modified terpenoids with oxidized and decomposed fatty acid derivatives. The results of this study revealed the phytotoxic potential of methanolic extracts from ginger leaves.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Valorization of Zingiber officinale (Ginger) Leaf Waste by Extraction and Identification of Compounds with High Phytotoxicity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月6日

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  • B. G. R. Rangadharee Bandara,
  • Lalith Jayasinghe,
  • Mojtaba Koosha,
  • Xiaodeng Yang,
  • Tianduo Li,
  • Hiroshi Araya,
  • Yoshinori Fujimoto

摘要

Global consumption of ginger has been growing in recent years resulting in high volumes of ginger root, rhizome, and leaf waste. Valorization of ginger waste is of great importance for a sustainable environment. In this research, ginger leaf waste was considered a valuable source for the extraction of phytotoxic chemicals. Ginger leaf waste from two varieties (Chinese and Sidhdha) was used for extraction using different organic solvents. The extracts were tested for phytotoxicity against elongation of root and shoot of Lactuca sativa seeds, bioassay-guided fractionation as well as spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. All of the tested phytochemical groups were qualitatively identified in the methanolic extracts of both varieties. It was found that the level of inhibition was concentration-dependent, but the effect of variety on the extraction yield and level of phytotoxicity was nonsignificant. The methanolic extract showed significantly higher elongation inhibitions than the other solvent extracts. Accordingly, methanol was found to be the most effective solvent for extracting phytotoxic chemicals. Two potent phytotoxic compounds, named as R/ZO/1 and R/ZO/2, with 100% elongation inhibition, were recovered from the bioassay-guided fractionation. These compounds were identified as polar organic compounds and modified terpenoids with oxidized and decomposed fatty acid derivatives. The results of this study revealed the phytotoxic potential of methanolic extracts from ginger leaves.

Graphical Abstract