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<p>In modern agriculture, using industrial co-products as plant biostimulants provides a sustainable approach to meet the growing demand for organic fertilizers. In this study, whey protein (WP), a co-product from the dairy industry, was utilized to promote plant biostimulant. WP was hydrolyzed using acid protease to produce Whey Protein Hydrolysate (WPH); the particle size of WPH ranges from 78 to 995&#xa0;nm and contains 15 free amino acids. The amino acids of WPH aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, and glycine were predicted using iPath, highlighting their importance in carbon and nitrogen assimilation processes. Seed priming with 1.5% WPH significantly enhanced <i>S. lycopersicum</i> germination rates (83.93%), vigor index (682.9), and germination index (3.58%), while toluidine blue staining revealed improved root hair promotion. In the greenhouse trial, foliar application of 15% WPH resulted in higher protein content and accelerated carbon and nitrogen assimilating enzymes than control plants. Moreover, key genes related to these metabolic pathways, such as <i>CS</i>, <i>ICDH</i>, <i>MDH</i>, <i>GS</i>, and <i>NR</i>, were up-regulated by 3.26, 2.73, 1.46, 1.18, and 1.17-fold, respectively. These findings align with the principles of the circular economy and promote sustainable agricultural practices.</p>

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Evaluating the Biostimulating Potential of Whey Protein Hydrolysate (WPH) in Solanum lycopersicum: A Comprehensive Investigation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月13日

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  • Sathiya Kumar,
  • Chinnannan Karthik,
  • Prakash Govindan,
  • Ranand Kumar Sharma,
  • Indra Arulselvi Padikasan

摘要

In modern agriculture, using industrial co-products as plant biostimulants provides a sustainable approach to meet the growing demand for organic fertilizers. In this study, whey protein (WP), a co-product from the dairy industry, was utilized to promote plant biostimulant. WP was hydrolyzed using acid protease to produce Whey Protein Hydrolysate (WPH); the particle size of WPH ranges from 78 to 995 nm and contains 15 free amino acids. The amino acids of WPH aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, and glycine were predicted using iPath, highlighting their importance in carbon and nitrogen assimilation processes. Seed priming with 1.5% WPH significantly enhanced S. lycopersicum germination rates (83.93%), vigor index (682.9), and germination index (3.58%), while toluidine blue staining revealed improved root hair promotion. In the greenhouse trial, foliar application of 15% WPH resulted in higher protein content and accelerated carbon and nitrogen assimilating enzymes than control plants. Moreover, key genes related to these metabolic pathways, such as CS, ICDH, MDH, GS, and NR, were up-regulated by 3.26, 2.73, 1.46, 1.18, and 1.17-fold, respectively. These findings align with the principles of the circular economy and promote sustainable agricultural practices.