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<p>In the marine environment, algae are globally distributed entities with significant ecological and biological roles. While algal blooms, driven by the excessive accumulation of nutrients such as nitrogen or phosphorus, are often associated with negative environmental effects, their potential as a sustainable source of bioactive compounds remains underexplored. This study hypothesizes that the waste biomass of <i>Trichodesmium erythraeum</i> can be valorized to extract natural metabolites with applications in vector control, bacterial inhibition, and anticancer therapeutics. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the bioactivity of <i>T. erythraeum</i> extracts across multiple domains. Among the tested solvents, the methanolic extract demonstrated potent mosquitocidal activity against <i>Aedes stephensi</i>, <i>Aedes aegypti</i>, and <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i>. Additionally, it inhibited the growth of clinical pathogens, including <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, <i>Proteus mirabilis</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>. The methanol extract also exhibited anticancer activity against non-small cell lung cancer cell lines, while showing no detrimental effects on non-target organisms. FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of bioactive functional groups such as alkanes (–C ≡ C–H: C–H stretch), nitriles (C ≡ N), primary amines (N–H bend), aliphatic amines (C–N stretch), alkenes (= C–H bend), and nitro compounds (N–O asymmetric stretch). GC-MS analysis identified key bioactive compounds, including Hexadecanoic acid, Bicyclo [10.1.0] tridec-1-ene, Glycidol stearate, Tricyclo [20.8.0.0 (7,16)] triacontane, 1(22), 7(16)-diepoxy-, and Piperidine, which contributed to its vector control and bactericidal properties. This study highlights the untapped potential of <i>T. erythraeum</i> waste biomass as a source of biologically active metabolites, paving the way for its integration into medicinal and ecological applications.</p>

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Valorization of Bioactive Metabolites from Trichodesmium erythraeum Bloom Biomass for Vector Borne Disease Control, Bactericidal and Anticancer Therapy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月6日

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  • Parthasarathy Surya,
  • Siddharthan Seema,
  • Saleh H. Salmen,
  • Hossam M. Aljawdah,
  • Rajadesingu Suriya Prakash

摘要

In the marine environment, algae are globally distributed entities with significant ecological and biological roles. While algal blooms, driven by the excessive accumulation of nutrients such as nitrogen or phosphorus, are often associated with negative environmental effects, their potential as a sustainable source of bioactive compounds remains underexplored. This study hypothesizes that the waste biomass of Trichodesmium erythraeum can be valorized to extract natural metabolites with applications in vector control, bacterial inhibition, and anticancer therapeutics. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the bioactivity of T. erythraeum extracts across multiple domains. Among the tested solvents, the methanolic extract demonstrated potent mosquitocidal activity against Aedes stephensi, Aedes aegypti, and Culex quinquefasciatus. Additionally, it inhibited the growth of clinical pathogens, including Bacillus subtilis, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The methanol extract also exhibited anticancer activity against non-small cell lung cancer cell lines, while showing no detrimental effects on non-target organisms. FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of bioactive functional groups such as alkanes (–C ≡ C–H: C–H stretch), nitriles (C ≡ N), primary amines (N–H bend), aliphatic amines (C–N stretch), alkenes (= C–H bend), and nitro compounds (N–O asymmetric stretch). GC-MS analysis identified key bioactive compounds, including Hexadecanoic acid, Bicyclo [10.1.0] tridec-1-ene, Glycidol stearate, Tricyclo [20.8.0.0 (7,16)] triacontane, 1(22), 7(16)-diepoxy-, and Piperidine, which contributed to its vector control and bactericidal properties. This study highlights the untapped potential of T. erythraeum waste biomass as a source of biologically active metabolites, paving the way for its integration into medicinal and ecological applications.