Green Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Citrus sinensis (Orange peel) Extract and Their Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity

The green nanoparticles hold a significant promise in medical sciences due to antibacterial, anticancer, anti-oxidant and controlled targeted release of secondary metabolites, etc., The aim of the present study is to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using an extract of Citrus sinensis fruit peels to test its antimicrobial and anticancer activity against breast and lung cancer. The AgNPs were synthesized by the addition of 20 ml citrus peel extract with 100 ml silvernitrate solution (1mM). The green AGNPs were characterized using UV-Vis, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and TEM. The antimicrobial activity of green AgNPs was screened against four pathogenic bacteria strains, including staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichiacoli, and Salmonella typhi.Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was tested at concentrations ranging from 80 to 5.25 mg/mL and anti-diabetic, anticancer activities were analyzed by MTT assay. The green AGNPs showed higher anti-microbial (15.3 ± 6.09 mm against Escherichia coli, 10.8 ± 2.14 mm against Salmonella typhi, 20.6 ± 8.10 mm against Bacillus subtilis, 25.2 ± 12.7 against Staphylococcus aureus), anti-diabetic (α-amylase and α-glycosidase activity was 79.45% and 72.56%, respectively), and anti-cancer (with IC50 value was 9.92 and 6.85 against MDA-MB-231 and A549 cell line, respectively) activity. Green AgNPs synthesized from citrus fruit peels exhibited potent antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer activities and thus suitable for medical sciences due to presence and release of secondary metabolites at the site of injury.