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<p>Solar induced events such as Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and solar flares are known to cause serious problems in technological systems and can produce geomagnetic storms when they enter Earth’s magnetosphere. Geomagnetic storms are temporary disturbances in Earth’s magnetic field. Fluctuations in Earth’s magnetic field cause perturbations in the electric field, which further modify the electron density distribution in the ionosphere via E × B electrodynamic plasma drift. In addition, neutral wind generation produces compositional changes and leads to the generation and propagation of travelling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs). An intense geomagnetic storm that occurred during 24–26 April 2023 has been considered to study its effect on the ionosphere using TEC data from dual-frequency ground-based GPS measurements at six selected stations, ranging from equatorial to mid latitude regions, along a common longitude line of 78 ± 4° E. The storm main phase onset was noted at 0900 UTC on 24 April 2023 and ended at 0600 UTC on 25 April, with a minimum excursion of the Dst index of -212 nT. Analysis of GPS-TEC data during the storm period revealed both negative &amp; positive storm effects from equatorial to mid-latitude regions. An interesting long-lived negative storm influence was noticed over all regions, from mid-latitude to equatorial stations, on 24 April and remained negative on 25 April. The negative effect started first at the POL2 station located in the mid latitude region on 24 April, and was progressively delayed while moving from mid-latitudes toward the equatorial stations. The magnitude of the effect, i.e., the reduction in TEC, was found to be maximum at the EIA equatorial ionospheric anomaly (EIA) stations. The observed negative effects in ground-based GPS-TEC data were further confirmed using satellite-based measurements of the spatial distribution of O/N<sub>2</sub> ratio obtained from the Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI). The O/N<sub>2</sub> ratio also showed decreased values on 24 April 2023 over the mid latitude region.</p>

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Study of the thermosphere-ionosphere response to geomagnetic storm of April 2023

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月16日

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  • Sushant Pandey,
  • Arti Mishra,
  • Vivek Singh,
  • Sanjay Kumar

摘要

Solar induced events such as Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and solar flares are known to cause serious problems in technological systems and can produce geomagnetic storms when they enter Earth’s magnetosphere. Geomagnetic storms are temporary disturbances in Earth’s magnetic field. Fluctuations in Earth’s magnetic field cause perturbations in the electric field, which further modify the electron density distribution in the ionosphere via E × B electrodynamic plasma drift. In addition, neutral wind generation produces compositional changes and leads to the generation and propagation of travelling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs). An intense geomagnetic storm that occurred during 24–26 April 2023 has been considered to study its effect on the ionosphere using TEC data from dual-frequency ground-based GPS measurements at six selected stations, ranging from equatorial to mid latitude regions, along a common longitude line of 78 ± 4° E. The storm main phase onset was noted at 0900 UTC on 24 April 2023 and ended at 0600 UTC on 25 April, with a minimum excursion of the Dst index of -212 nT. Analysis of GPS-TEC data during the storm period revealed both negative & positive storm effects from equatorial to mid-latitude regions. An interesting long-lived negative storm influence was noticed over all regions, from mid-latitude to equatorial stations, on 24 April and remained negative on 25 April. The negative effect started first at the POL2 station located in the mid latitude region on 24 April, and was progressively delayed while moving from mid-latitudes toward the equatorial stations. The magnitude of the effect, i.e., the reduction in TEC, was found to be maximum at the EIA equatorial ionospheric anomaly (EIA) stations. The observed negative effects in ground-based GPS-TEC data were further confirmed using satellite-based measurements of the spatial distribution of O/N2 ratio obtained from the Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI). The O/N2 ratio also showed decreased values on 24 April 2023 over the mid latitude region.