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<p>An in-situ precipitation technique was employed in the preparation of Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>/Graphene/NiO electrode. Nitrogen ions of 50&#xa0;keV were implanted into the electrode at doses of 0, 10<sup>15</sup>, 10<sup>16</sup>, and 10<sup>17</sup> ions/cm<sup>2</sup> and characterized. The structural patterns demonstrated that the addition of nitrogen ions enhanced its crystalline properties, creating vacancies that make it well-suited for super-capacitance applications. The basic elements with their functional groups were present in their respective spectra. The nitrogen ions revealed an ion range of 1229&#xa0;Å with clouds of nanoclusters. Optical properties showed high absorbance and lower band gap energies at higher irradiation levels. The surface chemistry of the composites was investigated by the use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique. The highest recorded specific capacitance, energy density, and power density values recorded at different scan rates were 781.25&#xa0;F/g, 403&#xa0;Wh/kg, and 1443&#xa0;W/kg. The obtained results make the synthesized composite electrodes useful for optical and supercapacitor applications.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Electrochemical engineering of Ti3C2Tx/Graphene/NiO electrodes using nitrogen ion implantation for enhancing supercapacitor performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月20日

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  • I. L. Ikhioya,
  • A. C. Nkele,
  • I. Ahmad,
  • F. Ezema

摘要

An in-situ precipitation technique was employed in the preparation of Ti3C2Tx/Graphene/NiO electrode. Nitrogen ions of 50 keV were implanted into the electrode at doses of 0, 1015, 1016, and 1017 ions/cm2 and characterized. The structural patterns demonstrated that the addition of nitrogen ions enhanced its crystalline properties, creating vacancies that make it well-suited for super-capacitance applications. The basic elements with their functional groups were present in their respective spectra. The nitrogen ions revealed an ion range of 1229 Å with clouds of nanoclusters. Optical properties showed high absorbance and lower band gap energies at higher irradiation levels. The surface chemistry of the composites was investigated by the use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique. The highest recorded specific capacitance, energy density, and power density values recorded at different scan rates were 781.25 F/g, 403 Wh/kg, and 1443 W/kg. The obtained results make the synthesized composite electrodes useful for optical and supercapacitor applications.

Graphical abstract