<p>Anomalous transport and diffusion of inertial Brownian particles in a periodic potential system driven by periodic modulated noise was investigated. Results demonstrate that the periodic modulated noise can induce absolute negative mobility(ANM) phenomenon, and increase in its noise intensity weakens the phenomenon. Further investigations found that frequency of the noise is able to cause oscillations in coefficient and instantaneous exponent of diffusion. The diffusion oscillations drive anomalous diffusion behaviors. Smaller frequency leads to greater diffusion oscillations, which enhance the ANM. Conversely, smaller noise intensity diminishes diffusion oscillations, thereby making the ANM more pronounced. Moreover, the diffusion oscillations are also influenced by the external constant force. For small forces, the system’s transport behavior can be affected by these oscillations, while for large forces, transport is entirely dominated by the external force, suppressing the oscillations.</p>