Evaluation and comparison of novel phase method against previous approaches for maximum power point tracking in single- and two-steps

In this paper, a novel method for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is presented in two-steps, which determines the overall maximum by exclusion of the local maximum if any. The first stage consists of a tracking algorithm that places the approximate operating point close to the maximum total power and is used as a trigger for the second stage. The first step will be repeated if the thermal changes or photovoltaic (PV) are exceeded 30%, this value is obtained from trial and error method. The second step can be any procedure of the maximum power tracking of the three approaches of Ripple correlation control (RCC), perturbation and observation (P & O) used in the present paper. The first two methods tracking outputs are 95% and the convergence-film is acquired 15 ms under different weather conditions. The innovation of the proposed method is the use of a tracking algorithm that receives the power and current of the PV array and estimates the overall maximum in its output. This algorithm improves the single-stage capability and increases their output. In this paper, the proposed phase controller also would be used for solar cell maximum power point tracking and be compared with RCC and P&O methods. Phase controller could operate by precise and non-linear inputs and they do not need to an accurate mathematical method. The advantages of the proposed method include resistance to light intensity and thermal changes, no need to the light intensity and thermal sensors and applicability to the variety of photovoltaic systems and for any desired arrangement it could be used from modules.