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<p>Highly excited Rydberg states enable broadband electric field sensing through Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS). These quantum-optical phenomena allow detection of electromagnetic fields over a wide frequency range from MHz to THz. In this work, we demonstrate multi-band microwave electric field sensing and investigate the variation in threshold power required for AT splitting across the Ku, K, and Ka bands using a Rydberg atomic vapor cell, along with the detection of amplitude-modulated (AM) signals. The microwave field couples adjacent Rydberg states, producing AT splitting in the probe transmission spectrum, from which the electric field amplitude is determined. The modulation information encoded on the microwave carrier is observed as variations in the probe transmission within the EIT resonance, which in turn influence the AT splitting. Since the electric field is obtained from the measured splitting governed by fundamental constants, the method provides SI-traceable measurements and enables a calibration-free approach to local electric field sensing. These results demonstrate the potential of Rydberg atomic systems for broadband microwave sensing and time dependent signal detection.</p>

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Atomic Sensor Based Detection of Modulated Microwave Signals Across Multiple Frequency Bands

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月14日

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  • Yashika Aneja,
  • C. P. Subhanya,
  • S. K. Dubey

摘要

Highly excited Rydberg states enable broadband electric field sensing through Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS). These quantum-optical phenomena allow detection of electromagnetic fields over a wide frequency range from MHz to THz. In this work, we demonstrate multi-band microwave electric field sensing and investigate the variation in threshold power required for AT splitting across the Ku, K, and Ka bands using a Rydberg atomic vapor cell, along with the detection of amplitude-modulated (AM) signals. The microwave field couples adjacent Rydberg states, producing AT splitting in the probe transmission spectrum, from which the electric field amplitude is determined. The modulation information encoded on the microwave carrier is observed as variations in the probe transmission within the EIT resonance, which in turn influence the AT splitting. Since the electric field is obtained from the measured splitting governed by fundamental constants, the method provides SI-traceable measurements and enables a calibration-free approach to local electric field sensing. These results demonstrate the potential of Rydberg atomic systems for broadband microwave sensing and time dependent signal detection.