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<p>In power supply metering systems, phase angle errors in electricity meter transformers cause measurement inaccuracies. Traditional calibration methods rely on offline testing and fixed parameter compensation, making them ill-suited for grid frequency fluctuations and dynamic operating conditions, resulting in insufficient calibration precision. To address this, this study proposes an online calibration method for phase angle errors in power supply metering electricity meter transformers based on FFT algorithms and phase compensation technology. High-precision phase extraction is achieved through a three-spectrum-line interpolation fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm, effectively suppressing spectral leakage and asynchronous sampling errors. This significantly enhances the robustness of angular difference detection against frequency fluctuations (50&#xa0;Hz–51.5&#xa0;Hz) and noise interference (up to 0.35% intensity). Further, a dynamically adjustable RC phase-shifting circuit implements online phase compensation. This circuit adapts parameters based on real-time phase error calculations, enabling continuous phase adjustment within 0–180°, overcoming the poor adaptability of traditional fixed-parameter compensation circuits. This achieves online correction of transformer phase error in utility meters. Experimental data demonstrate: under 50&#xa0;Hz–51.5&#xa0;Hz frequency fluctuations and 0.35% noise intensity, this method exhibits minimal angular error detection deviation. Post-correction angular error decreases from 7.1° to 0.15°, meeting the ≤ 0.17° accuracy requirement and effectively countering frequency fluctuations and noise interference.</p>

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Online Calibration of Transformer Angle Difference in Power Metering Energy Meters Based on FFT Algorithm and Phase Compensation Technology

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月19日

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  • Xian Xue,
  • Jiwei Zhang,
  • Jiaying Chen,
  • Zhenzhao Yu,
  • Huiqun Lin,
  • Zuquan Zhuo

摘要

In power supply metering systems, phase angle errors in electricity meter transformers cause measurement inaccuracies. Traditional calibration methods rely on offline testing and fixed parameter compensation, making them ill-suited for grid frequency fluctuations and dynamic operating conditions, resulting in insufficient calibration precision. To address this, this study proposes an online calibration method for phase angle errors in power supply metering electricity meter transformers based on FFT algorithms and phase compensation technology. High-precision phase extraction is achieved through a three-spectrum-line interpolation fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm, effectively suppressing spectral leakage and asynchronous sampling errors. This significantly enhances the robustness of angular difference detection against frequency fluctuations (50 Hz–51.5 Hz) and noise interference (up to 0.35% intensity). Further, a dynamically adjustable RC phase-shifting circuit implements online phase compensation. This circuit adapts parameters based on real-time phase error calculations, enabling continuous phase adjustment within 0–180°, overcoming the poor adaptability of traditional fixed-parameter compensation circuits. This achieves online correction of transformer phase error in utility meters. Experimental data demonstrate: under 50 Hz–51.5 Hz frequency fluctuations and 0.35% noise intensity, this method exhibits minimal angular error detection deviation. Post-correction angular error decreases from 7.1° to 0.15°, meeting the ≤ 0.17° accuracy requirement and effectively countering frequency fluctuations and noise interference.