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<p>Toxoplasmosis is a significant parasitic disease that affects both humans and animals. Its diverse clinical manifestations and variable course make it an important medical, biological, and social issue. This study aims to assess the prevalence and IgG avidity of toxoplasmosis in the Armenian population. To qualitatively detect class G immunoglobulins (IgG) in blood serum, the study employed the Vecto Toxo-IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test system for Toxoplasma gondii. The avidity index of Toxo-IgG antibodies was measured using the Elecsys Toxo IgG Avidity electrochemiluminescence test system, which determines IgG antibody avidity in human serum and plasma based on the sandwich principle. Results from the Elecsys Toxo IgG Avidity test were classified as low avidity for Avi% &lt; 70, a gray zone for Avi% 70–79, and high avidity for Avi% &gt; 80. The population seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was assessed by detecting IgG antibodies to <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>. Antibodies were identified in 29.4 ± 1.4% (n = 320) of cases, indicating a relatively low toxoplasmosis seroprevalence. The rate in regional areas was 31.9 ± 1.6% (n = 255), which was 1.4 times higher than that in Yerevan (22.3 ± 2.4%, n = 65). Of the 320 seropositive cases, 149 samples were further subjected to avidity testing, of which 53.0% (n = 79) showed high avidity, 36.2% (n = 54) showed low avidity, and 10.7% (n = 16) fell within the gray zone. The analysis of the seroepidemiological survey results showed that the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis naturally increases with age, as opportunities for contact with sources of infection rise. As indicated by the data, no significant difference was found in seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis between men (28.4 ± 2.4%, n = 98) and women (29.8 ± 1.9%, n = 222). The findings also indicate that, despite the overall low seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in the population, the presence of low-avidity antibodies reflects the ongoing circulation of toxoplasmosis, whereas high and borderline avidity suggest earlier stages of infection.</p>

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Seroepidemiological assessment of toxoplasmosis using IgG avidity testing in the Armenian population

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Ara Shahen Keshishyan,
  • Tatevik Suren Khachatryan,
  • Armine Varsham Margaryan,
  • Gayane Gurgen Melik-Andreasyan,
  • Gennady Hovsep Palozyan,
  • Ruben Rafik Danielyan,
  • Sona Hazarapet Nikolyan,
  • Anaida Vasil Tsakanyan

摘要

Toxoplasmosis is a significant parasitic disease that affects both humans and animals. Its diverse clinical manifestations and variable course make it an important medical, biological, and social issue. This study aims to assess the prevalence and IgG avidity of toxoplasmosis in the Armenian population. To qualitatively detect class G immunoglobulins (IgG) in blood serum, the study employed the Vecto Toxo-IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test system for Toxoplasma gondii. The avidity index of Toxo-IgG antibodies was measured using the Elecsys Toxo IgG Avidity electrochemiluminescence test system, which determines IgG antibody avidity in human serum and plasma based on the sandwich principle. Results from the Elecsys Toxo IgG Avidity test were classified as low avidity for Avi% < 70, a gray zone for Avi% 70–79, and high avidity for Avi% > 80. The population seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was assessed by detecting IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii. Antibodies were identified in 29.4 ± 1.4% (n = 320) of cases, indicating a relatively low toxoplasmosis seroprevalence. The rate in regional areas was 31.9 ± 1.6% (n = 255), which was 1.4 times higher than that in Yerevan (22.3 ± 2.4%, n = 65). Of the 320 seropositive cases, 149 samples were further subjected to avidity testing, of which 53.0% (n = 79) showed high avidity, 36.2% (n = 54) showed low avidity, and 10.7% (n = 16) fell within the gray zone. The analysis of the seroepidemiological survey results showed that the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis naturally increases with age, as opportunities for contact with sources of infection rise. As indicated by the data, no significant difference was found in seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis between men (28.4 ± 2.4%, n = 98) and women (29.8 ± 1.9%, n = 222). The findings also indicate that, despite the overall low seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in the population, the presence of low-avidity antibodies reflects the ongoing circulation of toxoplasmosis, whereas high and borderline avidity suggest earlier stages of infection.