Prevalence and associated risk factors of Entamoeba infection among humans and dogs in Maysan City, South East of Iraq

Entamoeba species are cosmopolitan protozoa which affect humans and dogs and may cause Amoebiasis. The present study was aimed to determine the prevalence of Entamoeba infection among dogs and Iraqi residents to evaluate associated major risk factors in Maysan city. Fresh faecal samples were randomly collected from 240 dogs and 600 Iraqi residents during 2024–2025. The faecal samples were microscopically examined for the presence of Entamoeba spp. and major risk factors pertaining to the residents and dogs were also recorded. No examined dogs were positive for Entamoeba infection. While, 303 out of 600 (50.5%) examined residents with clinical signs were found to be infected with Entamoeba infection. A significantly higher prevalence was observed among individuals aged 1–10 years-old (22.17%, 133/600). There was no significant association between men (160/600, 26.67%) and women (143/600, 23.83%).The highest Entamoeba infection was also found in spring (21.83%, 131/600). There was no significant difference between prevalence and residency of patients (53.3% rural and 46.7% urban). The prevalence had no significant association with close contact with dogs (CLD). There was significant association between prevalence and economic status (Es) of the infected residents. The highest Entamoeba infection was also found in spring (131/600, 21.83%). The results uncovered Entamoeba infection was prevalent in the region and findings may help to design and implement control programs.