<p>Deadly infection of visceral leishmaniasis persists in the vital organs of the host and in the absence of a complete cure death ensues. Due to the unavailability of human vaccines, few chemotherapeutic agents are the only option to tackle this infectious disease, pose severe side effects and restrict their use. Therefore, further development of safe and effective drug candidates is imperative. We tested the antileishmanial potential of the Trans-Himalayan plant <i>Cicer microphyllum</i> against <i>L. donovani</i> infection in the murine model. The efficacy of hydroethanolic extract (two doses) was assessed as post-treatment (two time points) of challenge infection. Amphotericin B was used as a reference drug for the study. Different parameters were studied like parasite load, immune responses (humoral and cell-mediated), and effector molecule nitric oxide. The drug-treated (standard and test) animals showed less parasite load when compared with uninfected control animals. Enhanced humoral (IgG) and cell-mediated (cytokines) immune responses shown by the animals treated with <i>Cicer microphyllum</i> than untreated animals. Th1-skewed immune response is required for the protection from leishmanial infection and <i>Cicer</i> treatment resulted into elevated Th1-specfic cytokines and antibody. The nitric oxide was also elevated in response to treatment with both drugs (standard and test). The upper dose was found to be more effective than the lower dose at both time points. Treatment of <i>Leishmania</i> infected animals with <i>Cicer microphyllum</i> is evidenced from the findings of this study. The current observations revealed the prospects of herbal sources such as <i>Cicer microphyllum</i> as a potent drug candidate against leishmaniasis.</p>