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<p>Surveys investigating the occurrence and molecular diversity of intestinal parasites are needed to fully understand their epidemiology and public health impact in endemic areas such as Central America and the Caribbean. This is a cross-sectional study assessing the percentage of intestinal protist and helminth parasites in apparently healthy children in Corinto Municipality (Chinandega Department, Nicaragua) during January 2023. We collected single stool samples (<i>n</i> = 88) and epidemiological questionnaires on demographics, behavioural habits, drinking water and toilet access from participating children. Microscopy methods were used for the initial screening of the samples. Molecular methods were used in selected samples for confirmatory and genotyping purposes. Basic statistical analyses were carried out to assess the association of the gathered variables with an increased likelihood of infection by intestinal parasites. <i>Blastocystis</i> was the most prevalent intestinal parasite found (30.7%), followed by <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> (22.7%), <i>Endolimax nana</i> (20.5%), and the commensal <i>Entamoeba coli</i> (18.2%). Other protists including <i>Entamoeba hartmanni</i>, <i>Entamoeba dispar</i>, <i>Chilomastix mesnili</i>, <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., and <i>Dientamoeba fragilis</i> were identified at percentage lower than 5%. Among helminths, <i>Trichuris trichiura</i> was more prevalently found (14.8%) than <i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i> (2.3%). Molecular analyses revealed the presence of subtypes ST1 (60.9%), ST2 and ST3 (17.4% each), and ST7 (4.3%) within <i>Blastocystis</i>, and assemblages B (60.0%) and A (40.0%) within <i>G. duodenalis</i>. The burden of these intestinal parasitic infections underscores the need for sustainable public health interventions and targeted investment, measures that can make a significant impact on the health status and wellbeing of the affected communities.</p>

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Microscopy detection and genotyping of intestinal parasites in schoolchildren of Corinto (Chinandega, Nicaragua): a cross-sectional study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月20日

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  • Jacklyn Comas,
  • Aleyda Pavón,
  • Alejandro Dashti,
  • Pamela C. Köster,
  • Sergio Sánchez,
  • Mónica Santín,
  • Rafael Toledo,
  • José Guillermo Esteban,
  • David Carmena,
  • Carla Muñoz-Antoli

摘要

Surveys investigating the occurrence and molecular diversity of intestinal parasites are needed to fully understand their epidemiology and public health impact in endemic areas such as Central America and the Caribbean. This is a cross-sectional study assessing the percentage of intestinal protist and helminth parasites in apparently healthy children in Corinto Municipality (Chinandega Department, Nicaragua) during January 2023. We collected single stool samples (n = 88) and epidemiological questionnaires on demographics, behavioural habits, drinking water and toilet access from participating children. Microscopy methods were used for the initial screening of the samples. Molecular methods were used in selected samples for confirmatory and genotyping purposes. Basic statistical analyses were carried out to assess the association of the gathered variables with an increased likelihood of infection by intestinal parasites. Blastocystis was the most prevalent intestinal parasite found (30.7%), followed by Giardia duodenalis (22.7%), Endolimax nana (20.5%), and the commensal Entamoeba coli (18.2%). Other protists including Entamoeba hartmanni, Entamoeba dispar, Chilomastix mesnili, Cryptosporidium spp., and Dientamoeba fragilis were identified at percentage lower than 5%. Among helminths, Trichuris trichiura was more prevalently found (14.8%) than Ascaris lumbricoides (2.3%). Molecular analyses revealed the presence of subtypes ST1 (60.9%), ST2 and ST3 (17.4% each), and ST7 (4.3%) within Blastocystis, and assemblages B (60.0%) and A (40.0%) within G. duodenalis. The burden of these intestinal parasitic infections underscores the need for sustainable public health interventions and targeted investment, measures that can make a significant impact on the health status and wellbeing of the affected communities.