<p><i>Trypanosoma evansi</i> (surra) infection is an enzootic disease of the dromedary camel. This parasitic infection is caused by <i>Trypanosoma evansi</i>, which is transmitted mechanically by hematophagous biting flies, particularly Tabanidae and Stomoxys spp. The disease can manifest in an acute form, resulting in death within a short period of time, or in a chronic form, where the animal suffers long-term deterioration in body condition. The aim of the present study was to assess the seroprevalence of <i>Trypanosoma evansi</i> infection in transhumant dromedary camels in desert and semi-desert areas of the Algerian Sahara, mainly in the wilaya of El Meniaa. A total of 219 camel blood samples were collected and tested for the presence of <i>T. evansi</i> antibodies using the card agglutination test (CATT/<i>T. evansi</i>). Most camels examined showed respiratory problems, diarrhea, and weight loss. Overall seroprevalence was 28%. Some factors associated with <i>T. evansi</i> infection were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test or the chi-square test. Regarding age distribution, the young (&lt; 5 years) group showed a seroprevalence of 29.1%, the middle-aged (5–10 years) group had 25.8%, the adult (10–15 years) group showed the highest prevalence at 31.2%, while the older (&gt; 15 years) group recorded the lowest prevalence (23.5%). However, the distribution of trypanosomiasis seropositivity showed no significant difference between the different age groups. Furthermore, a non-significant increase in prevalence (35.80%) was observed in summer compared with 23.18% in spring. There was no correlation between Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and dromedary trypanosomiasis in the camel population included in this study. The study showed that the wilaya of El Meniaa was significantly affected by dromedary trypanosomiasis, underlining the need for management strategies to control and treat this infection.</p>