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<p>This study examined the degradation of high-temperature vulcanized (HTV) silicon rubber (SR) composites with nano-SiO₂ reinforcement under two accelerated aging conditions i.e. ultraviolet exposure combined with electrical stress (electro-UV) and thermal stress along with 5&#xa0;kV electrical stress electro-thermal. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed that electro-UV aging caused up to 45% reduction in Si-CH₃ groups and 32% loss in Si–O-Si bonds for SR0 SR, while electro-thermal aging produced comparatively smaller reductions. Unlike prior studies that examined UV and thermal aging separately, this work combines electrical stress (electro-UV and electro-thermal) to test field aging conditions. SR0 exhibited significant degradation, with a 45% loss of Si-CH₃ groups and a 32% reduction in Si–O-Si bonds, shifting toward HC5-HC6 hydrophobicity classes. This was confirmed by largely unchanged FTIR spectra and consistent hydrophobicity within the HC1-HC2 range. Leakage current (LC) analysis under both AC and DC stress further supported this: SR0 exhibited a 24% rise in AC LC and 43% rise in DC LC, while the 5 wt.% filled sample limited increases to just 6% and 10%. Electro-UV aged samples exhibited higher peak leakage currents than electro-thermal aged samples. DC leakage currents showed particularly large relative increases over time, consistent with continuous wet conduction once hydrophobicity was lost, whereas AC currents were somewhat limited by periodic dry-band arcing. Incorporating nano-SiO₂ markedly suppressed leakage current, with the 5% filled composite showing the smallest rise in both AC and DC leakage, reflecting its superior maintenance of surface hydrophobicity and electrical integrity. These findings underscore that a moderate nano-SiO₂ loading can significantly enhance the resistance of SR to electrical, UV, and thermal aging stresses. The developed nano-SiO₂ filled HTV silicone rubber composites are reliable for outdoor high-voltage polymeric insulators in transmission lines, particularly in regions with high UV exposure like Pakistan, where they offer enhanced resistance to surface erosion, hydrophobicity loss, and leakage current under electro-UV stress.</p>

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Electro-UV and Electro-Thermal Aging Effects on the Electrical and Surface Properties of HTV Silicon Rubber Nanocomposites for Electrical Insulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月16日

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  • Aqeel Ur Rehman,
  • Muhammad Salman Khan,
  • Arooj Rashid,
  • Abraiz Khattak,
  • Arshad Khan

摘要

This study examined the degradation of high-temperature vulcanized (HTV) silicon rubber (SR) composites with nano-SiO₂ reinforcement under two accelerated aging conditions i.e. ultraviolet exposure combined with electrical stress (electro-UV) and thermal stress along with 5 kV electrical stress electro-thermal. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed that electro-UV aging caused up to 45% reduction in Si-CH₃ groups and 32% loss in Si–O-Si bonds for SR0 SR, while electro-thermal aging produced comparatively smaller reductions. Unlike prior studies that examined UV and thermal aging separately, this work combines electrical stress (electro-UV and electro-thermal) to test field aging conditions. SR0 exhibited significant degradation, with a 45% loss of Si-CH₃ groups and a 32% reduction in Si–O-Si bonds, shifting toward HC5-HC6 hydrophobicity classes. This was confirmed by largely unchanged FTIR spectra and consistent hydrophobicity within the HC1-HC2 range. Leakage current (LC) analysis under both AC and DC stress further supported this: SR0 exhibited a 24% rise in AC LC and 43% rise in DC LC, while the 5 wt.% filled sample limited increases to just 6% and 10%. Electro-UV aged samples exhibited higher peak leakage currents than electro-thermal aged samples. DC leakage currents showed particularly large relative increases over time, consistent with continuous wet conduction once hydrophobicity was lost, whereas AC currents were somewhat limited by periodic dry-band arcing. Incorporating nano-SiO₂ markedly suppressed leakage current, with the 5% filled composite showing the smallest rise in both AC and DC leakage, reflecting its superior maintenance of surface hydrophobicity and electrical integrity. These findings underscore that a moderate nano-SiO₂ loading can significantly enhance the resistance of SR to electrical, UV, and thermal aging stresses. The developed nano-SiO₂ filled HTV silicone rubber composites are reliable for outdoor high-voltage polymeric insulators in transmission lines, particularly in regions with high UV exposure like Pakistan, where they offer enhanced resistance to surface erosion, hydrophobicity loss, and leakage current under electro-UV stress.