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<p>Amorphous silica nanoparticles were sustainably synthesized from rice straw waste via a simple non-combustive route involving alkaline extraction, acid precipitation, and calcination. The process yielded up to 18.9% silica recovery, closely matching the 20% ash produced by combustion at 1000&#xa0;°C. Two variants were prepared: plain SiO<sub>2</sub> (without additives) and ethylene glycol-assisted SiO<sub>2</sub>-G, which represents a distinctive strategy to tailor silica’s physicochemical properties. Characterization revealed semi-spherical, mesoporous nanoparticles, with SiO<sub>2</sub>-G (2–19&#xa0;nm) exhibiting higher surface area (402 m<sup>2</sup>/g) and more uniform morphology than plain SiO<sub>2</sub> (5–29&#xa0;nm, 174 m<sup>2</sup>/g), which showed a more fragile and heterogeneous structure. Over 95% of dye equilibrium capacity was reached within 10&#xa0;min, indicating rapid uptake. Despite its lower surface area and less uniformity, plain SiO<sub>2</sub> showed superior adsorption capacities, 75&#xa0;mg/g for methylene blue and 285&#xa0;mg/g for astrazon blue, compared to SiO<sub>2</sub>-G (49&#xa0;mg/g and 136&#xa0;mg/g, respectively), attributed to its higher density of free silanol groups. Compared to literature values, both silica variants exhibited competitive performance, surpassing several conventional and silica-based adsorbents, including those derived from rice residues. This work introduces a low-cost, eco-friendly route for dye remediation using agricultural waste, with ethylene glycol modification offering a promising avenue for future material design.</p>

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Rice Straw-Derived Silica Nanoparticles via a Combustion-Free Route: Physicochemical Properties and Dye Removal Potential

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月29日

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  • Ghada M. Mohamed,
  • Mohamed M. Selim,
  • Reham M. Aboelenin,
  • Sohair A. Sayed Ahmed,
  • Doaa M. EL-Mekkawi

摘要

Amorphous silica nanoparticles were sustainably synthesized from rice straw waste via a simple non-combustive route involving alkaline extraction, acid precipitation, and calcination. The process yielded up to 18.9% silica recovery, closely matching the 20% ash produced by combustion at 1000 °C. Two variants were prepared: plain SiO2 (without additives) and ethylene glycol-assisted SiO2-G, which represents a distinctive strategy to tailor silica’s physicochemical properties. Characterization revealed semi-spherical, mesoporous nanoparticles, with SiO2-G (2–19 nm) exhibiting higher surface area (402 m2/g) and more uniform morphology than plain SiO2 (5–29 nm, 174 m2/g), which showed a more fragile and heterogeneous structure. Over 95% of dye equilibrium capacity was reached within 10 min, indicating rapid uptake. Despite its lower surface area and less uniformity, plain SiO2 showed superior adsorption capacities, 75 mg/g for methylene blue and 285 mg/g for astrazon blue, compared to SiO2-G (49 mg/g and 136 mg/g, respectively), attributed to its higher density of free silanol groups. Compared to literature values, both silica variants exhibited competitive performance, surpassing several conventional and silica-based adsorbents, including those derived from rice residues. This work introduces a low-cost, eco-friendly route for dye remediation using agricultural waste, with ethylene glycol modification offering a promising avenue for future material design.