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<p>The effects of silicon on crop plants in response to biotic stresses under climate change scenarios have not been extensively studied. Therefore, this experiment investigated the impact of soil supplementation with silicon on the defense responses of wheat plants against the pink stem borer under elevated carbon dioxide levels and increased temperatures. A two-factor experimental design was employed, with the first factor being silicon supplementation and the second factor being climatic variables, to assess the influence of silicon on the defense mechanisms of wheat plants infested with the pink stem borer under both elevated carbon dioxide and temperature conditions. Under elevated carbon dioxide levels, wheat plants amended with silicon exhibited significantly enhanced activity of polyphenol oxidase (162.31% increase), superoxide dismutase (74.32% increase), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (170.93% increase) and peroxidase (190.81% increase) over non-Si amended wheat plants. The activities of catalase (31.64% increase), and were also markedly increased due to silicon supplementation under high temperatures in wheat plants infested with pink stem borer. Furthermore, silicon amendment significantly enhanced the amount of total soluble sugars (37.39 to 107.92% increase), total phenols (55.43 to 155.89% increase), and total proteins (-29.94 to -39.21% decrease) over non-silicon amended wheat plants exposed to elevated carbon dioxide levels, elevated temperature, their&#xa0;combination and ambient conditions. Silicon supplement also improved shoot length (5.9 to 19.96% increase), root length (5 to 13.64% increase), fresh weight (5.86 to 30.75% increase), dry weight (12.35 to 28.24% increase) and shoot silicon content (113.73 to 156.67% increase) than non-silicon wheat plants both under climate change and ambient conditions. Overall, the effect of silicon on these tested parameters in wheat plants under ambient conditions was significantly less compared to climate change conditions. The outcome of this research highlights the crucial role of silicon in enhancing defense mechanisms and antioxidant enzyme activities in wheat plants under climate change scenarios, contributing to improved resilience against biotic stresses.</p>

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Soil Amendment of Silicon Induces Defense Response to Pink Stem Borer Infestation in Wheat Plants Under Climate Change Conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月13日

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  • Chethankumar M,
  • Yogesh Yele,
  • K. C. Sharma,
  • Mallikarjuna Jeer

摘要

The effects of silicon on crop plants in response to biotic stresses under climate change scenarios have not been extensively studied. Therefore, this experiment investigated the impact of soil supplementation with silicon on the defense responses of wheat plants against the pink stem borer under elevated carbon dioxide levels and increased temperatures. A two-factor experimental design was employed, with the first factor being silicon supplementation and the second factor being climatic variables, to assess the influence of silicon on the defense mechanisms of wheat plants infested with the pink stem borer under both elevated carbon dioxide and temperature conditions. Under elevated carbon dioxide levels, wheat plants amended with silicon exhibited significantly enhanced activity of polyphenol oxidase (162.31% increase), superoxide dismutase (74.32% increase), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (170.93% increase) and peroxidase (190.81% increase) over non-Si amended wheat plants. The activities of catalase (31.64% increase), and were also markedly increased due to silicon supplementation under high temperatures in wheat plants infested with pink stem borer. Furthermore, silicon amendment significantly enhanced the amount of total soluble sugars (37.39 to 107.92% increase), total phenols (55.43 to 155.89% increase), and total proteins (-29.94 to -39.21% decrease) over non-silicon amended wheat plants exposed to elevated carbon dioxide levels, elevated temperature, their combination and ambient conditions. Silicon supplement also improved shoot length (5.9 to 19.96% increase), root length (5 to 13.64% increase), fresh weight (5.86 to 30.75% increase), dry weight (12.35 to 28.24% increase) and shoot silicon content (113.73 to 156.67% increase) than non-silicon wheat plants both under climate change and ambient conditions. Overall, the effect of silicon on these tested parameters in wheat plants under ambient conditions was significantly less compared to climate change conditions. The outcome of this research highlights the crucial role of silicon in enhancing defense mechanisms and antioxidant enzyme activities in wheat plants under climate change scenarios, contributing to improved resilience against biotic stresses.