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<p>The escalating demand for sustainable construction materials has intensified the exploration of alternative binders to Portland cement aimed at reducing energy consumption and CO₂ emissions. Concurrently, the disposal of toughened glass waste (TGW) in landfills poses a growing environmental challenge. This study investigates the synergistic pozzolanic potential of toughened glass waste powder (TGWP) and fly ash (FA) in blended cement pastes, emphasizing their mechanical and microstructural evolution. Fly ash was incorporated to mitigate the high alkalinity of the cement matrix, thereby minimizing the chemical degradation of TGWP. Experimental evaluations encompassed flow characteristics, compressive strength, and advanced characterization techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Results demonstrated that the rheological properties were strongly influenced by the particle morphology and fineness of the supplementary materials. The optimum blend containing 15% TGWP and 15% FA achieved a 16.81% increase in compressive strength after 90&#xa0;days, attributed to the delayed pozzolanic reactivity of TGWP. XRD confirmed reduced calcium hydroxide and enhanced calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) formation, while FTIR evidenced intensified Si–O and Al–O bonding. FESEM coupled with EDS analysis revealed a densified microstructure and formation of calcium–alumino–silicate–hydrate (C–A–S–H) phases, affirming the pozzolanic activity of TGWP. The integration of TGWP and FA in cementitious systems represents a promising pathway toward eco-efficient binders, offering a dual advantage of waste valorisation and carbon footprint reduction in the construction sector.</p>

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A Study on Unlocking the Pozzolanic Potential of Toughened Glass Waste Powder for Sustainable Cement Paste Development

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月9日

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  • Hariharan Surendran,
  • Punitha Kumar Akhas

摘要

The escalating demand for sustainable construction materials has intensified the exploration of alternative binders to Portland cement aimed at reducing energy consumption and CO₂ emissions. Concurrently, the disposal of toughened glass waste (TGW) in landfills poses a growing environmental challenge. This study investigates the synergistic pozzolanic potential of toughened glass waste powder (TGWP) and fly ash (FA) in blended cement pastes, emphasizing their mechanical and microstructural evolution. Fly ash was incorporated to mitigate the high alkalinity of the cement matrix, thereby minimizing the chemical degradation of TGWP. Experimental evaluations encompassed flow characteristics, compressive strength, and advanced characterization techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Results demonstrated that the rheological properties were strongly influenced by the particle morphology and fineness of the supplementary materials. The optimum blend containing 15% TGWP and 15% FA achieved a 16.81% increase in compressive strength after 90 days, attributed to the delayed pozzolanic reactivity of TGWP. XRD confirmed reduced calcium hydroxide and enhanced calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) formation, while FTIR evidenced intensified Si–O and Al–O bonding. FESEM coupled with EDS analysis revealed a densified microstructure and formation of calcium–alumino–silicate–hydrate (C–A–S–H) phases, affirming the pozzolanic activity of TGWP. The integration of TGWP and FA in cementitious systems represents a promising pathway toward eco-efficient binders, offering a dual advantage of waste valorisation and carbon footprint reduction in the construction sector.