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<p>Carrier-selective contacts have proven effective in enhancing the efficiency of crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells by reducing interface recombination losses and improving conversion efficiency. This study introduces a novel oxygen-doped titanium carbide (TiC<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub>) electron transport layer (ETL), fabricated via electron beam evaporation. The TiC<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub> film demonstrated a low contact resistivity (17.74 mΩ·cm<sup>2</sup>) and work function (4.12&#xa0;eV), enabling efficient ohmic contact with lightly doped n-type c-Si. When applied as an ETL in c-Si solar cells, TiC<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub> significantly increased the open-circuit voltage (V<sub>oc</sub>) and fill factor (FF), boosting the cell efficiency from 13.14% to 16.87%. Furthermore, the TiC<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub> layer enhanced quantum efficiency in the near-infrared spectral range. These findings indicate that TiC<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub> is a promising ETL material, with potential to advance high-efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells.</p>

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Optimizing Electron Transport in Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells with Oxygen-Doped Titanium Carbide Layer

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月11日

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  • Lei He,
  • Kuiwen Guan,
  • Biao Sun,
  • Zhiping Huang,
  • Deyuan Wei,
  • Huaidong Yin,
  • Ying Xu,
  • Yang Ding

摘要

Carrier-selective contacts have proven effective in enhancing the efficiency of crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells by reducing interface recombination losses and improving conversion efficiency. This study introduces a novel oxygen-doped titanium carbide (TiCxOy) electron transport layer (ETL), fabricated via electron beam evaporation. The TiCxOy film demonstrated a low contact resistivity (17.74 mΩ·cm2) and work function (4.12 eV), enabling efficient ohmic contact with lightly doped n-type c-Si. When applied as an ETL in c-Si solar cells, TiCxOy significantly increased the open-circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF), boosting the cell efficiency from 13.14% to 16.87%. Furthermore, the TiCxOy layer enhanced quantum efficiency in the near-infrared spectral range. These findings indicate that TiCxOy is a promising ETL material, with potential to advance high-efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells.