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<p>The detection of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) is essential for environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and medical diagnosis. However, fluctuating environmental conditions and the limited stability of conventional sensing materials make it difficult to achieve highly selective, highly sensitive, and reliable NH<sub>3</sub> sensing at room temperature. To improve NH<sub>3</sub> selectivity, we investigated a dual-functionalized Nb<sub>2</sub>CT<sub><i>x</i></sub>/SnS<sub>2</sub> composite containing both amine and carboxyl groups. Combining the superior NH<sub>3</sub> adsorption capability of SnS<sub>2</sub> with the outstanding electrical conductivity and surface reactivity of the Nb<sub>2</sub>CT<sub><i>x</i></sub> MXene produces a composite that can be used as a highly sensitive and selective chemiresistive sensor. Experimental results revealed that this sensor had a low detection threshold of 10 ppm, along with fast response (32 s) and recovery (78 s) times at 100 ppm of NH<sub>3</sub> under ambient conditions. Moreover, under harsh environmental conditions such as exposure to interfering gases, high humidity, and temperature fluctuations, the incorporation of the amine and carboxyl groups significantly enhanced the structural integrity and selectivity of the sensor. In real-world applications, this sensor could exhibit exceptional selectivity for NH<sub>3</sub> against common interfering gases like formaldehyde, acetone, ethanol, trimethylamine, and CO<sub>2</sub>. Overall, these results highlight that this material could be used to develop a high-performance NH<sub>3</sub> sensor with promising sensing characteristics under a wide range of environmental conditions.</p>

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Room-temperature ammonia sensing via Nb2CTx/SnS2 nanocomposite sensor with enhanced selectivity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • Waqas Saeed,
  • Liaqat Rasheed,
  • Ye Tian,
  • Irshad Ahmad Mir,
  • Baoji Miao,
  • Shakeel Ahmed,
  • Amina Zulfiqar,
  • Xing Chen,
  • Amna Manzoor

摘要

The detection of ammonia (NH3) is essential for environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and medical diagnosis. However, fluctuating environmental conditions and the limited stability of conventional sensing materials make it difficult to achieve highly selective, highly sensitive, and reliable NH3 sensing at room temperature. To improve NH3 selectivity, we investigated a dual-functionalized Nb2CTx/SnS2 composite containing both amine and carboxyl groups. Combining the superior NH3 adsorption capability of SnS2 with the outstanding electrical conductivity and surface reactivity of the Nb2CTx MXene produces a composite that can be used as a highly sensitive and selective chemiresistive sensor. Experimental results revealed that this sensor had a low detection threshold of 10 ppm, along with fast response (32 s) and recovery (78 s) times at 100 ppm of NH3 under ambient conditions. Moreover, under harsh environmental conditions such as exposure to interfering gases, high humidity, and temperature fluctuations, the incorporation of the amine and carboxyl groups significantly enhanced the structural integrity and selectivity of the sensor. In real-world applications, this sensor could exhibit exceptional selectivity for NH3 against common interfering gases like formaldehyde, acetone, ethanol, trimethylamine, and CO2. Overall, these results highlight that this material could be used to develop a high-performance NH3 sensor with promising sensing characteristics under a wide range of environmental conditions.