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<p>Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have recently gained wildly interest due to the abundance of sodium, lower production costs, and better low-temperature performance compared to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Among various cathode materials of SIBs, O3-type NaNi<sub>0.4</sub>Fe<sub>0.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.4</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NFM424) demonstrates high capacity and ease of synthesis, yet suffers from structural degradation and sluggish Na<sup>+</sup> kinetics caused by large ionic radius and strong electrostatic interactions. To overcome these issues, a configuration strategy combined with TiO<sub>2</sub> and Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> by a simple solid-state reaction method was introduced to improve structural and electrochemical stability. XRD, SEM, TEM, and various electrochemical characterizations as well as TGA/DSC tests were conducted. The resulting NaNi<sub>0.4</sub>Fe<sub>0.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.3</sub>Co<sub>0.05</sub>Ti<sub>0.05</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NFMCT) cathode mitigated Jahn-Teller distortions and Na<sup>+</sup>/vacancy ordering while enhancing phase integrity and diffusion pathways. The obtained NFMCT maintained 93.7 mAh·g<sup>−1</sup> after 550 cycles at 1 C, with superior rate capabilities at 2 C and 5 C. These findings deepen the understanding of configuration strategy by using multi-element oxide and highlight a practical strategy for designing high-performance SIB cathodes.</p>

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Understanding of TiO2/Co3O4-modified configuration strategy for stabilizing O3-type NaNi0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4O2 cathodes with enhanced long-term and rate performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月5日

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  • Zidong Yu,
  • Xiaojuan Liu,
  • Zhicheng Liu,
  • Ye Liu,
  • Chao Su,
  • Zhi Sun,
  • Jilei Du,
  • Tao Wei

摘要

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have recently gained wildly interest due to the abundance of sodium, lower production costs, and better low-temperature performance compared to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Among various cathode materials of SIBs, O3-type NaNi0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4O2 (NFM424) demonstrates high capacity and ease of synthesis, yet suffers from structural degradation and sluggish Na+ kinetics caused by large ionic radius and strong electrostatic interactions. To overcome these issues, a configuration strategy combined with TiO2 and Co3O4 by a simple solid-state reaction method was introduced to improve structural and electrochemical stability. XRD, SEM, TEM, and various electrochemical characterizations as well as TGA/DSC tests were conducted. The resulting NaNi0.4Fe0.2Mn0.3Co0.05Ti0.05O2 (NFMCT) cathode mitigated Jahn-Teller distortions and Na+/vacancy ordering while enhancing phase integrity and diffusion pathways. The obtained NFMCT maintained 93.7 mAh·g−1 after 550 cycles at 1 C, with superior rate capabilities at 2 C and 5 C. These findings deepen the understanding of configuration strategy by using multi-element oxide and highlight a practical strategy for designing high-performance SIB cathodes.