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<p>Increasing the carbon content in low-alloy steels is one of the most cost-effective and efficient methods for enhancing strength, often resulting in a significant reduction in ductility. In this study, a high-carbon low-alloy steel with a tensile strength of about 2.6 GPa and a total elongation of 12% was developed, through the synergistic applications of two key strategies: i) refine prior austenite grains (PAGs) leading to the transition of quenched microstructure from brittle twinned martensite to dislocation martensite; ii) suppress the martensitic transformation finish temperature to sub-room temperature by the combined effect of high content of carbon and alloying elements, i.e., Ni, Mn, Si, Cr, and Mo. After quenching and tempering, the steel retains approximately 15vol% stable retained austenite (RA), which enhances ductility through the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect. These strategies collectively contribute to both high strength and excellent ductility, enhancing the strength–ductility synergy in ultra-high strength steels.</p>

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Achieving 2.6 GPa tensile strength with outstanding ductility in high-carbon low-alloy steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月17日

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  • Guoyang Li,
  • Feilong Sun,
  • Guilin Wu,
  • Honghui Wu,
  • Junheng Gao,
  • Haitao Zhao,
  • Yuhe Huang,
  • Jun Lu,
  • Chaolei Zhang,
  • Shuize Wang,
  • Xinping Mao

摘要

Increasing the carbon content in low-alloy steels is one of the most cost-effective and efficient methods for enhancing strength, often resulting in a significant reduction in ductility. In this study, a high-carbon low-alloy steel with a tensile strength of about 2.6 GPa and a total elongation of 12% was developed, through the synergistic applications of two key strategies: i) refine prior austenite grains (PAGs) leading to the transition of quenched microstructure from brittle twinned martensite to dislocation martensite; ii) suppress the martensitic transformation finish temperature to sub-room temperature by the combined effect of high content of carbon and alloying elements, i.e., Ni, Mn, Si, Cr, and Mo. After quenching and tempering, the steel retains approximately 15vol% stable retained austenite (RA), which enhances ductility through the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect. These strategies collectively contribute to both high strength and excellent ductility, enhancing the strength–ductility synergy in ultra-high strength steels.