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<p><i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> biofilms persist in food processing environments and pose a serious threat to food safety. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> L-1, a strain isolated from traditional Chinese Jiangshui, and to evaluate the anti-biofilm activity of its crude bacteriocin against L. monocytogenes. The strain exhibited promising probiotic attributes, including high survival rates under simulated gastrointestinal conditions (68.9% at pH 2.0, 85.0% in the presence of 0.3% bile salts) and a satisfactory safety profile (antibiotic susceptibility, γ-hemolysis, and no toxicity in mice). Whole-genome sequencing identified genetic determinants for stress tolerance and a gene cluster encoding multiple bacteriocins, including <i>pln</i> EF, <i>pln</i> J, <i>pln</i> N, and a putative bacteriocin. LC-MS identified three expressed bacteriocins: Plantaricin E, F, and N. The crude bacteriocin showed high stability under a range of temperatures (60–121&#xa0;°C) and pH (2.0–12.0), with a MIC of 2.2&#xa0;mg/mL against <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. At sub-inhibitory concentrations that did not affect planktonic growth (1/32×, 1/16×, 1/8× MIC), it significantly inhibited biofilm formation in a concentration-dependent manner, achieving 89.5% inhibition at 1/4 × MIC. The bacteriocin suppressed metabolic activity, reduced exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, and inhibit the integrity of biofilm structure, and downregulated the expression of key biofilm-related genes without affecting bacterial growth. These findings highlight the potential of <i>L. plantarum</i> L-1 as a dual-functional probiotic and a natural biocontrol agent against <i>L. monocytogenes</i> biofilms in the food industry. </p>

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Genomic, Probiotic, and Safety Characterization of Lactiplantibacillus Plantarum L-1 and the Anti-Biofilm Activity of its Bacteriocin Against Listeria Monocytogenes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月22日

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  • Zhu Qiao,
  • Shijie Luo,
  • Yangyang Mao,
  • Hongzhao Wang,
  • Jihong Huang

摘要

Listeria monocytogenes biofilms persist in food processing environments and pose a serious threat to food safety. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize Lactiplantibacillus plantarum L-1, a strain isolated from traditional Chinese Jiangshui, and to evaluate the anti-biofilm activity of its crude bacteriocin against L. monocytogenes. The strain exhibited promising probiotic attributes, including high survival rates under simulated gastrointestinal conditions (68.9% at pH 2.0, 85.0% in the presence of 0.3% bile salts) and a satisfactory safety profile (antibiotic susceptibility, γ-hemolysis, and no toxicity in mice). Whole-genome sequencing identified genetic determinants for stress tolerance and a gene cluster encoding multiple bacteriocins, including pln EF, pln J, pln N, and a putative bacteriocin. LC-MS identified three expressed bacteriocins: Plantaricin E, F, and N. The crude bacteriocin showed high stability under a range of temperatures (60–121 °C) and pH (2.0–12.0), with a MIC of 2.2 mg/mL against L. monocytogenes. At sub-inhibitory concentrations that did not affect planktonic growth (1/32×, 1/16×, 1/8× MIC), it significantly inhibited biofilm formation in a concentration-dependent manner, achieving 89.5% inhibition at 1/4 × MIC. The bacteriocin suppressed metabolic activity, reduced exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, and inhibit the integrity of biofilm structure, and downregulated the expression of key biofilm-related genes without affecting bacterial growth. These findings highlight the potential of L. plantarum L-1 as a dual-functional probiotic and a natural biocontrol agent against L. monocytogenes biofilms in the food industry.