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<p>Antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) are widely used in animal feed; however, owing to the risk of antimicrobial resistance, regulations on AGPs are being tightened, making it crucial to research and develop safe and effective alternatives. Probiotics are promising alternatives to AGPs, and studies have indicated their potential to enhance poultry growth performance. However, they are not cost-effective because of their inability to adequately resist acid and colonize the gut, resulting in the loss of viable cells. We examined the impact of <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> TUA2424L on acid resistance, transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) in Caco-2 cells, and genetic factors involved in colonization of the intestinal tract. <i>L. plantarum</i> TUA2424L exhibited robust resistance to acidic conditions at pH 2 for 1&#xa0;h, and the culture supernatant of the strain enhanced TEER in Caco-2 cells (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), similar to that of AGPs. Additionally, the results of the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool analysis indicated the presence of the glutamate decarboxylase gene and the elongation factor Tu gene in TUA2424L, which are associated with acid resistance and intestinal colonization, respectively. Furthermore, the use of protectants during the freeze-drying process, including skim milk (5.0), MSG (1.5), Arg HCl (1.5), Gln (1.0), and SiO₂ (0.35) (g/g_dry cell weight), maintained survivors at 10<sup>8</sup> CFUg<sup>− 1</sup> in simulated gastric juice for 4&#xa0;h (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 compared with other conditions). These findings suggest that freeze-dried TUA2424L can be considered a potential candidate alternative to AGPs without the risk of superbug infection.</p>

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Enhanced Survival of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TUA2424L in Acidic Environments Using Different Types of Protectants in Freeze-Dried Powder

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月30日

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  • Akinori Uehara,
  • Mayumi Maekawa,
  • Kazuki Nakagawa

摘要

Antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) are widely used in animal feed; however, owing to the risk of antimicrobial resistance, regulations on AGPs are being tightened, making it crucial to research and develop safe and effective alternatives. Probiotics are promising alternatives to AGPs, and studies have indicated their potential to enhance poultry growth performance. However, they are not cost-effective because of their inability to adequately resist acid and colonize the gut, resulting in the loss of viable cells. We examined the impact of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TUA2424L on acid resistance, transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) in Caco-2 cells, and genetic factors involved in colonization of the intestinal tract. L. plantarum TUA2424L exhibited robust resistance to acidic conditions at pH 2 for 1 h, and the culture supernatant of the strain enhanced TEER in Caco-2 cells (p < 0.01), similar to that of AGPs. Additionally, the results of the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool analysis indicated the presence of the glutamate decarboxylase gene and the elongation factor Tu gene in TUA2424L, which are associated with acid resistance and intestinal colonization, respectively. Furthermore, the use of protectants during the freeze-drying process, including skim milk (5.0), MSG (1.5), Arg HCl (1.5), Gln (1.0), and SiO₂ (0.35) (g/g_dry cell weight), maintained survivors at 108 CFUg− 1 in simulated gastric juice for 4 h (p < 0.05 compared with other conditions). These findings suggest that freeze-dried TUA2424L can be considered a potential candidate alternative to AGPs without the risk of superbug infection.