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<p>Secondary fungal infections resulting from disruptions caused by acne vulgaris treatments underscore the critical need for therapies that minimize dysbiosis while effectively targeting acne-associated pathogens. This study investigates <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> THK-J112 cell-free supernatant (CFS) as a microbiome-stabilizing intervention against <i>Candida</i> overgrowth, utilizing a combination of genomic analysis and functional validation. In vitro evaluations demonstrated broad-spectrum antifungal activity, with inhibition zones of more than 10&#xa0;mm against <i>C. tropicalis</i> KCTC 17762 and a minimum fungicidal concentration of 2.5&#xa0;mg/mL. Scanning electron microscopy revealed profound Candida cell wall disruption, while cytotoxicity assays confirmed CFS safety for HaCaT keratinocytes and Caco-2 intestinal cells. The supernatant significantly reduced <i>Candida</i> adhesion to epithelial cells by up to 80.25%, outperforming Amphotericin B's anti-adhesive effects. Anti-inflammatory activity was evidenced by a 30.58% reduction in TNF-α and a 78.25% decrease in VEGF expression, suggesting protection against <i>Candida</i>-induced acne inflammation and hyperkeratinization. Mechanistic studies identified hydrogen peroxide (90.43&#xa0;µM per 1&#xa0;g/mL CFS) as the primary antimicrobial component. By integrating genomic evidence of biosynthetic potential with demonstrated multimodal activity—encompassing fungicidal, anti-adhesive, and anti-inflammatory effects—THK-J112 CFS emerges as a comprehensive therapeutic candidate. Genome sequencing revealed THK-J112's safety profile (absence of virulence factors) and identified a plantaricin J bacteriocin gene cluster while confirming vancomycin resistance. These findings address the dual challenge of treating acne-associated <i>Candida</i> complications while maintaining microbiome integrity, offering a promising alternative to conventional antifungals for patients experiencing treatment-induced dysbiosis. The study provides foundational evidence for probiotic-derived interventions in dermatological conditions complicated by fungal overgrowth.</p>

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Effect of Lactiplantibacillus Plantarum THK-J112 Against Candida Overgrowth in Acne Complications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月16日

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  • Trang Thi Minh Nguyen,
  • Chan-Il Bae,
  • Su-Jin Yang,
  • Xiangji Jin,
  • Qiwen Zheng,
  • Eun-Ji Yi,
  • Gyeong-Seon Yi,
  • Dasol Nam,
  • Mi-Ju Kim,
  • Tae-Hoo Yi

摘要

Secondary fungal infections resulting from disruptions caused by acne vulgaris treatments underscore the critical need for therapies that minimize dysbiosis while effectively targeting acne-associated pathogens. This study investigates Lactiplantibacillus plantarum THK-J112 cell-free supernatant (CFS) as a microbiome-stabilizing intervention against Candida overgrowth, utilizing a combination of genomic analysis and functional validation. In vitro evaluations demonstrated broad-spectrum antifungal activity, with inhibition zones of more than 10 mm against C. tropicalis KCTC 17762 and a minimum fungicidal concentration of 2.5 mg/mL. Scanning electron microscopy revealed profound Candida cell wall disruption, while cytotoxicity assays confirmed CFS safety for HaCaT keratinocytes and Caco-2 intestinal cells. The supernatant significantly reduced Candida adhesion to epithelial cells by up to 80.25%, outperforming Amphotericin B's anti-adhesive effects. Anti-inflammatory activity was evidenced by a 30.58% reduction in TNF-α and a 78.25% decrease in VEGF expression, suggesting protection against Candida-induced acne inflammation and hyperkeratinization. Mechanistic studies identified hydrogen peroxide (90.43 µM per 1 g/mL CFS) as the primary antimicrobial component. By integrating genomic evidence of biosynthetic potential with demonstrated multimodal activity—encompassing fungicidal, anti-adhesive, and anti-inflammatory effects—THK-J112 CFS emerges as a comprehensive therapeutic candidate. Genome sequencing revealed THK-J112's safety profile (absence of virulence factors) and identified a plantaricin J bacteriocin gene cluster while confirming vancomycin resistance. These findings address the dual challenge of treating acne-associated Candida complications while maintaining microbiome integrity, offering a promising alternative to conventional antifungals for patients experiencing treatment-induced dysbiosis. The study provides foundational evidence for probiotic-derived interventions in dermatological conditions complicated by fungal overgrowth.