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<p>Water transport through the Korea Strait critically influences the East Sea’s marine environment and regional climate. While short-term variability has been studied, long-term (decadal) changes and their impact on source contributions remain less understood. Here, we apply three-dimensional Lagrangian particle tracking within a high-resolution eddy-resolving coupled ocean–atmosphere model to analyze seasonal and decadal variability of Korea Strait inflow and identify its upstream feeder branch. We find that the Taiwan Strait and the Kuroshio east of Taiwan contribute approximately 0.45&#xa0;Sv and 0.39&#xa0;Sv, respectively, together accounting for about 38.4% (0.84&#xa0;Sv) of the total inflow (~ 2.19&#xa0;Sv) in the model. The seasonal cycles of these feeder branches show complementary patterns, with the Taiwan Strait dominating in summer and the Kuroshio in winter. Decadal phases modulate both the volume and timing of inflow, with higher transport phases exhibiting more efficient and faster contributions. These findings enhance understanding of regional circulation dynamics and provide a basis for future studies on ecosystem and climate variability in the East Sea.</p>

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Lagrangian Analysis of Source Water Variability in Korea Strait Inflow Across Seasonal and Decadal Timescales in an Eddying Climate Model

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Hyeju An,
  • Sang-Yeob Kim,
  • Ho Jin Lee,
  • Wonsun Park

摘要

Water transport through the Korea Strait critically influences the East Sea’s marine environment and regional climate. While short-term variability has been studied, long-term (decadal) changes and their impact on source contributions remain less understood. Here, we apply three-dimensional Lagrangian particle tracking within a high-resolution eddy-resolving coupled ocean–atmosphere model to analyze seasonal and decadal variability of Korea Strait inflow and identify its upstream feeder branch. We find that the Taiwan Strait and the Kuroshio east of Taiwan contribute approximately 0.45 Sv and 0.39 Sv, respectively, together accounting for about 38.4% (0.84 Sv) of the total inflow (~ 2.19 Sv) in the model. The seasonal cycles of these feeder branches show complementary patterns, with the Taiwan Strait dominating in summer and the Kuroshio in winter. Decadal phases modulate both the volume and timing of inflow, with higher transport phases exhibiting more efficient and faster contributions. These findings enhance understanding of regional circulation dynamics and provide a basis for future studies on ecosystem and climate variability in the East Sea.