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<p><i>Frankliniella cephalica</i> (Crawford) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), a Neotropical vector of tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV), has been detected in parts of Asia for over two decades, yet its invasion pathway remains unclear. Employing the mtDNA COI gene, this study explored the genetic signature of <i>F. cephalica</i> populations in Malaysia, inferring their potential source populations and dispersal dynamics. Specimens collected from&#xa0;<i>Bidens pilosa</i>&#xa0;L. (Asteraceae) flowers, with DNA-confirmed larval-adult matches, established its status as a breeding host and local reservoir. Genetic analysis revealed a complete match between Malaysian and Okinawan (Japan) populations, indicating a shared East Asian lineage likely dispersed via a bridgehead in the Taiwanese-Japanese archipelago, consistent with historical timelines. Haplotype network analysis, incorporating Bayesian phylogenetics, identified a single, recent haplotype in Malaysia-Japan and four older haplotypes from the Caribbean, a pattern consistent with a genetic bottleneck followed by rapid expansion. While genetic metrics (<i>F</i><sub><i>ST</i></sub> = 0.783, <i>N</i><sub><i>m</i></sub> = 0.138) suggest a plausible founder event from the USA, the present genetic analyses when considered alongside known ecological context, suggest that apiculture industry may have contributed to regional establishment. We hypothesize that phoresy on honeybees<i>,</i> may have facilitated dispersal, with the introduction of invasive <i>Bidens pilosa</i> var. <i>radiata</i> potentially aiding spread across East and mainland Southeast Asia. Our findings underscore the need for biosecurity measures targeting both floriculture and corbiculate bee translocations, providing an evidence-based framework for understanding <i>F. cephalica</i>’s invasion in Asia, recommending sustained transnational vigilance.</p>

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Genetic insights and inferred ecological drivers underlying the invasion of Frankliniella cephalica in Malaysia – a vector of tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Abdul M. Munir-Zaki,
  • Van-Lun Low,
  • Abdul-Aziz Azidah

摘要

Frankliniella cephalica (Crawford) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), a Neotropical vector of tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV), has been detected in parts of Asia for over two decades, yet its invasion pathway remains unclear. Employing the mtDNA COI gene, this study explored the genetic signature of F. cephalica populations in Malaysia, inferring their potential source populations and dispersal dynamics. Specimens collected from Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae) flowers, with DNA-confirmed larval-adult matches, established its status as a breeding host and local reservoir. Genetic analysis revealed a complete match between Malaysian and Okinawan (Japan) populations, indicating a shared East Asian lineage likely dispersed via a bridgehead in the Taiwanese-Japanese archipelago, consistent with historical timelines. Haplotype network analysis, incorporating Bayesian phylogenetics, identified a single, recent haplotype in Malaysia-Japan and four older haplotypes from the Caribbean, a pattern consistent with a genetic bottleneck followed by rapid expansion. While genetic metrics (FST = 0.783, Nm = 0.138) suggest a plausible founder event from the USA, the present genetic analyses when considered alongside known ecological context, suggest that apiculture industry may have contributed to regional establishment. We hypothesize that phoresy on honeybees, may have facilitated dispersal, with the introduction of invasive Bidens pilosa var. radiata potentially aiding spread across East and mainland Southeast Asia. Our findings underscore the need for biosecurity measures targeting both floriculture and corbiculate bee translocations, providing an evidence-based framework for understanding F. cephalica’s invasion in Asia, recommending sustained transnational vigilance.