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<p><i>Aphis gossypii</i> Glover, cotton aphids, infestation represents a major biotic constraint to chili pepper cultivation and production, particularly in lowland tropical regions where rapid aphid colony development can reduce plant vigor and yield. This study integrated phenotypic bioassays, segregation analysis, and metabolomic profiling to characterize variation in aphid-infested chili peppers. A biparental cross between susceptible chili pepper genotype C313 and resistant genotype C367 produced F₁, F₁R, F₂, and backcross populations, which were evaluated using controlled infestation assays at 7&#xa0;days after infestation, while pigmentation traits were analyzed through segregation and correlation testing. The resistant parent exhibited a reduction in aphid colonization (40.47 ± 13.39 aphids) compared with the susceptible parent (122.00 ± 24.24 aphids), and the F₁ generation showed intermediate infestation levels (86.42 ± 18.77 aphids). The F₂ population (n = 245) displayed a broad and continuous phenotypic distribution (80.44 ± 38.92 aphids), consistent with quantitative segregation. Seedling pigmentation was slightly associated with infestation response (r = 0.130). Metabolomic profiling identified 51 metabolites that differed between the resistant and susceptible phenotypes. Several lipid-derived metabolites, including hexadecanoic acid methyl ester and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid methyl ester, together with the diterpenoid compound phytol, were consistently detected across populations. Specific metabolites showed enrichment patterns, including 2,5-octadecadiynoic acid methyl ester in resistant infested plants and 6-hepten-3-one, 5-hydroxy-4-methyl- in susceptible infested plants. These findings provide an integrative biochemical framework for understanding phenotypic variation in the response of chili peppers to aphid infestation and establish a foundation for future functional validation and multi-environment assessment.</p>

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Integrative bioassay and metabolomic profiling of quantitative resistance to Aphis gossypii in segregating chili pepper populations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月21日

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  • Ady Daryanto,
  • Muhamad Syukur,
  • Sobir Sobir,
  • Awang Maharijaya,
  • Purnama Hidayat

摘要

Aphis gossypii Glover, cotton aphids, infestation represents a major biotic constraint to chili pepper cultivation and production, particularly in lowland tropical regions where rapid aphid colony development can reduce plant vigor and yield. This study integrated phenotypic bioassays, segregation analysis, and metabolomic profiling to characterize variation in aphid-infested chili peppers. A biparental cross between susceptible chili pepper genotype C313 and resistant genotype C367 produced F₁, F₁R, F₂, and backcross populations, which were evaluated using controlled infestation assays at 7 days after infestation, while pigmentation traits were analyzed through segregation and correlation testing. The resistant parent exhibited a reduction in aphid colonization (40.47 ± 13.39 aphids) compared with the susceptible parent (122.00 ± 24.24 aphids), and the F₁ generation showed intermediate infestation levels (86.42 ± 18.77 aphids). The F₂ population (n = 245) displayed a broad and continuous phenotypic distribution (80.44 ± 38.92 aphids), consistent with quantitative segregation. Seedling pigmentation was slightly associated with infestation response (r = 0.130). Metabolomic profiling identified 51 metabolites that differed between the resistant and susceptible phenotypes. Several lipid-derived metabolites, including hexadecanoic acid methyl ester and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid methyl ester, together with the diterpenoid compound phytol, were consistently detected across populations. Specific metabolites showed enrichment patterns, including 2,5-octadecadiynoic acid methyl ester in resistant infested plants and 6-hepten-3-one, 5-hydroxy-4-methyl- in susceptible infested plants. These findings provide an integrative biochemical framework for understanding phenotypic variation in the response of chili peppers to aphid infestation and establish a foundation for future functional validation and multi-environment assessment.