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<p>This study evaluated the insecticidal potential of a glucosinolate hydrolysis product, 1-isothiocyanatopropane (ICP), as a promising green biopesticide against the larval stages of the destructive dipteran pest, <i>Zeugodacus cucurbitae</i> (Coquillett), using developmental, physiological and genotoxic assessments. In comparison to control, larvae reared on ICP-amended artificial diets exhibited high larval mortality and significant reductions in pupation, adult emergence and growth indices in a concentration-dependent manner. ICP-amended diets also prolonged larval, pupal and total developmental durations across all three larval instars. Nutritional assays showed marked decline in food assimilation, LWG (larval weight gain) and MRGR (mean relative growth rate). Larvae reared on sub-lethal ICP concentrations (LC<sub>30,</sub> LC<sub>50</sub>) also demonstrated alteration in PO (Phenol oxidase) activity and reduction in total hemocyte count, indicating suppression of the insect’s immune response. Biochemical analyses revealed ICP-induced changes in detoxification and antioxidant enzymes, including elevated SOD (Superoxide dismutase), GST (Glutathione-S-transferase), CAT (Catalase), etc. Genotoxicity evaluated through comet assays revealed that the sub-lethal ICP concentrations (LC<sub>30,</sub> LC<sub>50</sub>) induced significant DNA damage in larval hemocytes manifested by increased Tail Length (TL, μm), % Tail DNA (TDNA), Tail Moment (TM), and Olive Tail Moment (OTM) in comparison to control. These findings suggest ICP as a promising green biopesticide with multi-targeted effects against the <i>Z. cucurbitae</i>.</p>

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Bioefficacy of 1-Isothiocyanatopropane Against Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) larvae: Growth Inhibitory, Immunological, Biochemical and Genotoxic Impacts

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月11日

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  • Sumit Singh,
  • Diksha,
  • Evani Mahajan,
  • Shivali Puri,
  • Satwinder Kaur Sohal

摘要

This study evaluated the insecticidal potential of a glucosinolate hydrolysis product, 1-isothiocyanatopropane (ICP), as a promising green biopesticide against the larval stages of the destructive dipteran pest, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett), using developmental, physiological and genotoxic assessments. In comparison to control, larvae reared on ICP-amended artificial diets exhibited high larval mortality and significant reductions in pupation, adult emergence and growth indices in a concentration-dependent manner. ICP-amended diets also prolonged larval, pupal and total developmental durations across all three larval instars. Nutritional assays showed marked decline in food assimilation, LWG (larval weight gain) and MRGR (mean relative growth rate). Larvae reared on sub-lethal ICP concentrations (LC30, LC50) also demonstrated alteration in PO (Phenol oxidase) activity and reduction in total hemocyte count, indicating suppression of the insect’s immune response. Biochemical analyses revealed ICP-induced changes in detoxification and antioxidant enzymes, including elevated SOD (Superoxide dismutase), GST (Glutathione-S-transferase), CAT (Catalase), etc. Genotoxicity evaluated through comet assays revealed that the sub-lethal ICP concentrations (LC30, LC50) induced significant DNA damage in larval hemocytes manifested by increased Tail Length (TL, μm), % Tail DNA (TDNA), Tail Moment (TM), and Olive Tail Moment (OTM) in comparison to control. These findings suggest ICP as a promising green biopesticide with multi-targeted effects against the Z. cucurbitae.