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<p>Weed infestation, particularly from the noxious grass <i>Dactyloctenium aegyptium</i> (Egyptian grass), is a primary constraint to productivity in dry direct-seeded aerobic rice (DSR). A two-year field study (2019–2020) employed a factorial randomized complete block design to quantify the impact of diverse weed flora and specific densities of Egyptian grass (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 plants m⁻<sup>2</sup>) on fine (NIAB-2016) and coarse (NIAB-2013) rice. Egyptian grass competition significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced all agronomic attributes (plant height, productive tillers, grains per panicle, and 1000-grain weight), leading to severe grain yield losses of up to ~ 60% at the highest density (20 plants m⁻<sup>2</sup>) compared to weed-free controls. Coarse rice exhibited greater susceptibility than fine rice. Economic threshold (ET) levels, calculated from herbicide application costs and yield-loss regression, were critically low: 2.27–2.73 plants m⁻<sup>2</sup> for coarse rice and 2.00–2.25 plants m⁻<sup>2</sup> for fine rice, depending on the herbicide regime. Herbicide plans considered for ET calculation were pendimethalin (as pre-emergence in all plans) in combination with each of the post-emergent herbicides (fenoxaprop, cyhalofop-butyl + bispyribac sodium + penoxsulam, bispyribac sodium + bensulfuron, metamifop, ethoxysulfuron + triafamone fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, and pinoxaden). These findings highlight Egyptian grass as a primary driver of yield loss in DSR and provide essential thresholds for implementing timely, cost-effective control strategies to safeguard the productivity of this sustainable system.</p>

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Impact of Egyptian grass (Dactyloctenium aegyptium) competition on performance of fine and coarse rice under dry direct-seeded aerobic systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月7日

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  • Muhammad Nawaz,
  • Abdul Khaliq,
  • Saddam Hussain,
  • Ghulam Murtaza,
  • Hafiz Muhammad Akram

摘要

Weed infestation, particularly from the noxious grass Dactyloctenium aegyptium (Egyptian grass), is a primary constraint to productivity in dry direct-seeded aerobic rice (DSR). A two-year field study (2019–2020) employed a factorial randomized complete block design to quantify the impact of diverse weed flora and specific densities of Egyptian grass (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 plants m⁻2) on fine (NIAB-2016) and coarse (NIAB-2013) rice. Egyptian grass competition significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced all agronomic attributes (plant height, productive tillers, grains per panicle, and 1000-grain weight), leading to severe grain yield losses of up to ~ 60% at the highest density (20 plants m⁻2) compared to weed-free controls. Coarse rice exhibited greater susceptibility than fine rice. Economic threshold (ET) levels, calculated from herbicide application costs and yield-loss regression, were critically low: 2.27–2.73 plants m⁻2 for coarse rice and 2.00–2.25 plants m⁻2 for fine rice, depending on the herbicide regime. Herbicide plans considered for ET calculation were pendimethalin (as pre-emergence in all plans) in combination with each of the post-emergent herbicides (fenoxaprop, cyhalofop-butyl + bispyribac sodium + penoxsulam, bispyribac sodium + bensulfuron, metamifop, ethoxysulfuron + triafamone fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, and pinoxaden). These findings highlight Egyptian grass as a primary driver of yield loss in DSR and provide essential thresholds for implementing timely, cost-effective control strategies to safeguard the productivity of this sustainable system.