Scholarlink

<p>The commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is significantly hindered by intrinsic defects in solution-processed polycrystalline films, which promote nonradiative recombination and accelerate material degradation, coupled with environmental issues arising from the potential leaching of toxic lead (Pb) species upon device failure. This work presents a multifunctional molecular interfacial engineering strategy by incorporating 4-chlorophenyl dichlorophosphate (4-CP) to optimize the SnO<sub>2</sub> electron transport layer/perovskite interface. The triple functionality of 4-CP enables synergistic defect passivation, crystallization modulation, and Pb immobilization. Owing to electronegativity differences, the phosphate groups in 4-CP effectively passivate SnO<sub>2</sub> surface oxygen vacancies via strong coordination, while the expelled hydrophobic phenyl rings and C–Cl bonds regulate perovskite grain growth and anchor Pb<sup>2</sup><sup>+</sup>. The optimized device achieves a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.25% with increased stability. Remarkably, 4-CP modification reduces Pb leakage by 89%; the Pb<sup>2+</sup> leaching concentration from 4-CP-modified devices lower than 30&#xa0;ppb which is far below the safety threshold (50&#xa0;ppb) of China's Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB 3838–2002). Moreover, the 4-CP-modified devices retained 92% of its initial PCE after rigorous aging (25&#xa0;°C, 85%&#xa0;RH,&#xa0;1000&#xa0;h), demonstrating exceptional operational stability. This multifunctional interface engineering approach provides a groundbreaking pathway toward high-performance, eco-conscious PSCs.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p> <p>This study introduces a rationally designed trifunctional molecule (4-CP) that synergistically passivates SnO<sub>2</sub>/perovskite interfacial defects, guides perovskite crystallization, and immobilizes toxic Pb<sup>2+</sup>, achieving a record PCE of 25.25% with 89% Pb leakage reduction and exceptional thermal stability, redefining multifunctional molecular engineering for high-performance and eco-safe perovskite solar cells.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Synergistic interfacial molecular design for high-performance and eco-friendly perovskite solar cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月5日

查看全文
  • Xinjing Chen,
  • Yongjia Li,
  • Haoyu Zhao,
  • Wenhui Meng,
  • Dehua Wang,
  • Shufang Zhang,
  • Hai Zhong,
  • Changlin Yao,
  • Qi Zhang

摘要

The commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is significantly hindered by intrinsic defects in solution-processed polycrystalline films, which promote nonradiative recombination and accelerate material degradation, coupled with environmental issues arising from the potential leaching of toxic lead (Pb) species upon device failure. This work presents a multifunctional molecular interfacial engineering strategy by incorporating 4-chlorophenyl dichlorophosphate (4-CP) to optimize the SnO2 electron transport layer/perovskite interface. The triple functionality of 4-CP enables synergistic defect passivation, crystallization modulation, and Pb immobilization. Owing to electronegativity differences, the phosphate groups in 4-CP effectively passivate SnO2 surface oxygen vacancies via strong coordination, while the expelled hydrophobic phenyl rings and C–Cl bonds regulate perovskite grain growth and anchor Pb2+. The optimized device achieves a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.25% with increased stability. Remarkably, 4-CP modification reduces Pb leakage by 89%; the Pb2+ leaching concentration from 4-CP-modified devices lower than 30 ppb which is far below the safety threshold (50 ppb) of China's Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB 3838–2002). Moreover, the 4-CP-modified devices retained 92% of its initial PCE after rigorous aging (25 °C, 85% RH, 1000 h), demonstrating exceptional operational stability. This multifunctional interface engineering approach provides a groundbreaking pathway toward high-performance, eco-conscious PSCs.

Graphical Abstract

This study introduces a rationally designed trifunctional molecule (4-CP) that synergistically passivates SnO2/perovskite interfacial defects, guides perovskite crystallization, and immobilizes toxic Pb2+, achieving a record PCE of 25.25% with 89% Pb leakage reduction and exceptional thermal stability, redefining multifunctional molecular engineering for high-performance and eco-safe perovskite solar cells.