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<p>The limited biocompatibility, high preparation costs, and non-reusability of noble metal surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates impede their large-scale application. Consequently, the development of non-noble metal substrates with excellent SERS performance remains a priority. Although quasi-metal SERS substrates represented by carbides have demonstrated remarkable SERS performance, their enhancement capabilities still require further improvement. In this study, the SERS performance of tungsten carbide (WC) substrates was enhanced by doping with tantalum (Ta) elements. The WC doped with 2 wt% Ta (WC-2T) exhibited a superior enhancement effect for probe molecules like rhodamine 6G (R6G), crystal violet, methylene blue, and malachite green compared to the undoped WC (WC-0T), with the enhancement factor for R6G molecules more than doubling. The excellent SERS performance of WC-2T can be attributed to its higher adsorption energy for probe molecules and a more efficient charge transfer process between the probe molecules. Additionally, the SERS effect of WC-2T remained robust even when exposed to strong acids and alkalis. This study successfully enhanced the SERS activity of WC via doping modification, providing a strategy for optimizing carbide quasi-metal SERS-active materials.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Tantalum-doped tungsten carbide nanostructures with efficient charge transfer for superior SERS performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月7日

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  • Meng-En Hu,
  • Zhen Wang,
  • Xin-Can Gao,
  • Xian Dang,
  • Cheng-Wan Yang,
  • Ke-Wei Li,
  • Di-Long Liu,
  • Xiao-Ye Hu,
  • Yue Li,
  • Ke Li,
  • Zhu-Lin Huang,
  • Guo-Wen Meng

摘要

The limited biocompatibility, high preparation costs, and non-reusability of noble metal surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates impede their large-scale application. Consequently, the development of non-noble metal substrates with excellent SERS performance remains a priority. Although quasi-metal SERS substrates represented by carbides have demonstrated remarkable SERS performance, their enhancement capabilities still require further improvement. In this study, the SERS performance of tungsten carbide (WC) substrates was enhanced by doping with tantalum (Ta) elements. The WC doped with 2 wt% Ta (WC-2T) exhibited a superior enhancement effect for probe molecules like rhodamine 6G (R6G), crystal violet, methylene blue, and malachite green compared to the undoped WC (WC-0T), with the enhancement factor for R6G molecules more than doubling. The excellent SERS performance of WC-2T can be attributed to its higher adsorption energy for probe molecules and a more efficient charge transfer process between the probe molecules. Additionally, the SERS effect of WC-2T remained robust even when exposed to strong acids and alkalis. This study successfully enhanced the SERS activity of WC via doping modification, providing a strategy for optimizing carbide quasi-metal SERS-active materials.

Graphical abstract