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<p>Bacterial and mycoplasma infections pose a severe hazard to human life and property. These necessitate the development of antibacterial metallic materials that can be produced efficiently in large quantities. In this study, an (Fe<sub>63.3</sub>Mn<sub>14</sub>Si<sub>9.1</sub>Cr<sub>9.8</sub>C<sub>3.8</sub>)<sub>86</sub>Cu<sub>12</sub>Ag<sub>2</sub> medium-entropy alloy (MEA) consisting of in situ FCC1 (austenite) and FCC2 (Cu–Ag-rich) phases was prepared. It displayed a yield strength of 1100&#xa0;MPa, fracture strength of 1921&#xa0;MPa, and compressive plasticity of 27% at room temperature. This is attributed to the low stacking fault energy (3.7&#xa0;mJ&#xa0;m<sup>−2</sup>) inducing strong transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP), twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP), and lattice distortion. The alloy contained nano- and microscale antibacterial phases. This enabled it to achieve an antimicrobial efficiency higher than 99.9% against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> after 6&#xa0;h of exposure. The hot working efficiency makes it preferable for mass production with critical process parameters. A constitutive model was established using the Arrhenius equation to validate the applicability of the dynamic materials model (DMM). Subsequently, the hot processing map of the medium-entropy alloy was established based on the DMM. The optimal processing parameters were determined as 800&#xa0;°C with strain rates of 10<sup>–1</sup>–10<sup>–2</sup>&#xa0;s<sup>−1</sup>. The low stacking fault energy ensures that dynamic recrystallization is the primary softening mechanism in the “safe” region. Finally, the density of states (DOS) of the MEA (determined by first-principles calculations) was significantly lower (162.1&#xa0;eV) than those of Ni and Fe. This indicated a strong high-temperature stability. The DOS increased marginally with an increase in deformation.</p>

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Hot processing map and antibacterial properties of Fe-based medium-entropy alloys

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月10日

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  • Hu-Wen Ma,
  • Yan-Chun Zhao,
  • Yu Su,
  • Bo Jin,
  • Zhi-Qi Yu,
  • Jia-Cheng Xiang,
  • Fu-Ling Tang,
  • Fa-Qi Zhan,
  • Li Feng,
  • Peter K. Liaw

摘要

Bacterial and mycoplasma infections pose a severe hazard to human life and property. These necessitate the development of antibacterial metallic materials that can be produced efficiently in large quantities. In this study, an (Fe63.3Mn14Si9.1Cr9.8C3.8)86Cu12Ag2 medium-entropy alloy (MEA) consisting of in situ FCC1 (austenite) and FCC2 (Cu–Ag-rich) phases was prepared. It displayed a yield strength of 1100 MPa, fracture strength of 1921 MPa, and compressive plasticity of 27% at room temperature. This is attributed to the low stacking fault energy (3.7 mJ m−2) inducing strong transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP), twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP), and lattice distortion. The alloy contained nano- and microscale antibacterial phases. This enabled it to achieve an antimicrobial efficiency higher than 99.9% against E. coli and S. aureus after 6 h of exposure. The hot working efficiency makes it preferable for mass production with critical process parameters. A constitutive model was established using the Arrhenius equation to validate the applicability of the dynamic materials model (DMM). Subsequently, the hot processing map of the medium-entropy alloy was established based on the DMM. The optimal processing parameters were determined as 800 °C with strain rates of 10–1–10–2 s−1. The low stacking fault energy ensures that dynamic recrystallization is the primary softening mechanism in the “safe” region. Finally, the density of states (DOS) of the MEA (determined by first-principles calculations) was significantly lower (162.1 eV) than those of Ni and Fe. This indicated a strong high-temperature stability. The DOS increased marginally with an increase in deformation.