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<p>In sulfide-based all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASLBs), the development of high-capacity anode materials with stable interfaces to sulfide solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) is critical. Here, In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> is explored as an anode material for ASLBs for the first time, demonstrating exceptional interfacial stability and electrochemical performance. The In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> anode, with a substantial mass loading of 7.64&#xa0;mg cm<sup>−2</sup>, sustains a charge-specific capacity of 528.0&#xa0;mAh g<sup>−1</sup> (4.03&#xa0;mAh cm<sup>−2</sup>) at a current density of 0.76&#xa0;mA cm<sup>−2</sup> over 500 cycles, with a capacity retention of 81.2%. Additionally, it exhibits remarkable long-term cycling stability (2900 cycles) under a high current density of 3.82&#xa0;mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, with an exceptionally low decay rate of 0.016% per cycle. The charge–discharge mechanism of the In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> anode is elucidated in detail, revealing that the electrochemical evolution of In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> in ASLBs involves not only the alloying/dealloying process of indium (In) but also a conversion reaction between In and Li<sub>2</sub>O. Notably, as cycling progresses, the conversion reaction of In and Li<sub>2</sub>O diminishes, with the reversible alloying/dealloying process becoming predominant. This work offers valuable insights for advancing oxide anode materials in sulfide-based ASLBs.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Unravelling the electrochemical evolution mechanism of In2O3 anode in long-cycle all-solid-state lithium batteries with sulfide electrolytes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月15日

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  • Wan-Ping Liu,
  • Jun Liu,
  • Xue-Lei Li,
  • Qing-Wen Li,
  • Zhi-Hui Xu,
  • Hui-Rong Liu,
  • Jia-Feng Cao,
  • Aruuhan Bayaguud,
  • Hexi Baoyin

摘要

In sulfide-based all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASLBs), the development of high-capacity anode materials with stable interfaces to sulfide solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) is critical. Here, In2O3 is explored as an anode material for ASLBs for the first time, demonstrating exceptional interfacial stability and electrochemical performance. The In2O3 anode, with a substantial mass loading of 7.64 mg cm−2, sustains a charge-specific capacity of 528.0 mAh g−1 (4.03 mAh cm−2) at a current density of 0.76 mA cm−2 over 500 cycles, with a capacity retention of 81.2%. Additionally, it exhibits remarkable long-term cycling stability (2900 cycles) under a high current density of 3.82 mA cm−2, with an exceptionally low decay rate of 0.016% per cycle. The charge–discharge mechanism of the In2O3 anode is elucidated in detail, revealing that the electrochemical evolution of In2O3 in ASLBs involves not only the alloying/dealloying process of indium (In) but also a conversion reaction between In and Li2O. Notably, as cycling progresses, the conversion reaction of In and Li2O diminishes, with the reversible alloying/dealloying process becoming predominant. This work offers valuable insights for advancing oxide anode materials in sulfide-based ASLBs.

Graphical abstract