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<p>Medical tourism has affected the economies of many touristic countries. One challenge for investors entering this field is the location of medical centers and the type of specialization of each center. Although in the real world this issue is subject to various uncertainties, past research has not considered this feature. In this problem, the cost of constructing the center is a stochastic parameter, while the number of available human resources and their salaries is a fuzzy parameter. Since this problem has both random and epistemic uncertainty, three new models are presented: base robust hybrid (BRH), compensator robust hybrid (CRH), and worst-case robust hybrid (WRH). To solve these models, a combination of two solutions, scenario-based robust optimization (SRO) and robust possibilistic programming (RPP), is used. In all three models, the goal of the SRO solution is to minimize the deviation of the objective function in different scenarios from the expected value of the profit. However, the BRH model aims to minimize the difference between the two extreme possible values of the optimal values. The goal of the CRH model is to minimize the deviation between the expected value and minimum optimal values. The goal of the WRH model is to maximize the minimum optimal value. These models are implemented in Iran. The findings of this article give researchers and governments the opportunity to determine the optimal location and specialty for establishing a medical tourism center in any country, taking into account the types of uncertainty and the attitude of capital owners.</p>

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Hybrid robust optimization models for medical tourism facility location and specialties allocation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月23日

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  • Mohammad Javad Farsayad,
  • Mariam Ameli,
  • Ashkan Mozdgir

摘要

Medical tourism has affected the economies of many touristic countries. One challenge for investors entering this field is the location of medical centers and the type of specialization of each center. Although in the real world this issue is subject to various uncertainties, past research has not considered this feature. In this problem, the cost of constructing the center is a stochastic parameter, while the number of available human resources and their salaries is a fuzzy parameter. Since this problem has both random and epistemic uncertainty, three new models are presented: base robust hybrid (BRH), compensator robust hybrid (CRH), and worst-case robust hybrid (WRH). To solve these models, a combination of two solutions, scenario-based robust optimization (SRO) and robust possibilistic programming (RPP), is used. In all three models, the goal of the SRO solution is to minimize the deviation of the objective function in different scenarios from the expected value of the profit. However, the BRH model aims to minimize the difference between the two extreme possible values of the optimal values. The goal of the CRH model is to minimize the deviation between the expected value and minimum optimal values. The goal of the WRH model is to maximize the minimum optimal value. These models are implemented in Iran. The findings of this article give researchers and governments the opportunity to determine the optimal location and specialty for establishing a medical tourism center in any country, taking into account the types of uncertainty and the attitude of capital owners.