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<p>A drone is an unmanned aircraft capable of remote operation. In recent years, drones have drawn increasing attention due to their potential misuse in security-sensitive environments, necessitating the development of reliable anti-drone technologies. This study presents a stochastic reliability model for an image-based anti-drone system that integrates detection and jamming mechanisms. The proposed framework employs Continuous-Time Markov Chain (CTMC) and Semi-Markov Process (SMP) models to represent system behavior under both exponential and non-exponential failure conditions. The steady-state probabilities for the SMP are obtained using a two-stage method, while both transient and steady-state analyses are conducted for the CTMC. Comparative numerical and simulation results demonstrate a close correspondence between the analytical and simulated values, confirming the accuracy and robustness of the proposed model. The findings highlight that reliability significantly decreases with increasing failure rates of detection and jamming units, emphasizing the importance of redundancy and component quality in anti-drone system design.</p>

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Reliability analysis of anti-drone systems with image based detection and jamming techniques

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月12日

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  • Raina Raj,
  • Priyanka Kalita,
  • S. Dharmaraja

摘要

A drone is an unmanned aircraft capable of remote operation. In recent years, drones have drawn increasing attention due to their potential misuse in security-sensitive environments, necessitating the development of reliable anti-drone technologies. This study presents a stochastic reliability model for an image-based anti-drone system that integrates detection and jamming mechanisms. The proposed framework employs Continuous-Time Markov Chain (CTMC) and Semi-Markov Process (SMP) models to represent system behavior under both exponential and non-exponential failure conditions. The steady-state probabilities for the SMP are obtained using a two-stage method, while both transient and steady-state analyses are conducted for the CTMC. Comparative numerical and simulation results demonstrate a close correspondence between the analytical and simulated values, confirming the accuracy and robustness of the proposed model. The findings highlight that reliability significantly decreases with increasing failure rates of detection and jamming units, emphasizing the importance of redundancy and component quality in anti-drone system design.