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<p>This research endeavor proposes a graphene-based plasmonic metasurface sensor for high-sensitivity biomolecular detection in the THz frequency range (1–15 THz). The sensor features a metal-dielectric-graphene configuration that combines gap plasmons and propagating surface plasmon resonances, resulting in polarization-insensitive absorption, efficient wave trapping, and minimal reflection. The device achieves remarkable sensitivities of 0.375 THz/RIU (Mode I), 0.355 THz/RIU (Mode II), and 0.135 THz/RIU (Mode III), with Q-factors as high as 68. The sensor also delivers a competitive figure of merit (FOM) of 76, highlighting its potential in precision sensing applications. Its effectiveness is demonstrated in glucose detection for different level of diabetes. Mode I reported an enhanced sensitivity of 0.375 THz/RIU, with a figure of merit (FOM) of 25.5 per RIU, while Mode II shows a sensitivity of 0.355 THz/RIU, with a dynamic FOM of 22.6 per RIU. These results underscore the sensor’s promise for real-time, label-free biosensing applications, particularly for glucose monitoring. The novelty of this approach lies in the integration of multiple resonance modes, enhancing detection sensitivity and accuracy, coupled with the tunability of the graphene layer via chemical potential. This provides the sensor with high adaptability for diverse sensing applications. With its combination of high sensitivity, robust performance, and versatility, this graphene-based metasurface sensor is poised to serve as a powerful tool for medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and biomolecular analysis.</p>

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High-Q graphene plasmonic absorber for diabetes detection

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Russel Reza Mahmud,
  • A. Abdur Rahman Akib,
  • Abdullah Al Mahmud Nafiz,
  • Ahmed Afif Rafsan,
  • Shah Md. Salimullah

摘要

This research endeavor proposes a graphene-based plasmonic metasurface sensor for high-sensitivity biomolecular detection in the THz frequency range (1–15 THz). The sensor features a metal-dielectric-graphene configuration that combines gap plasmons and propagating surface plasmon resonances, resulting in polarization-insensitive absorption, efficient wave trapping, and minimal reflection. The device achieves remarkable sensitivities of 0.375 THz/RIU (Mode I), 0.355 THz/RIU (Mode II), and 0.135 THz/RIU (Mode III), with Q-factors as high as 68. The sensor also delivers a competitive figure of merit (FOM) of 76, highlighting its potential in precision sensing applications. Its effectiveness is demonstrated in glucose detection for different level of diabetes. Mode I reported an enhanced sensitivity of 0.375 THz/RIU, with a figure of merit (FOM) of 25.5 per RIU, while Mode II shows a sensitivity of 0.355 THz/RIU, with a dynamic FOM of 22.6 per RIU. These results underscore the sensor’s promise for real-time, label-free biosensing applications, particularly for glucose monitoring. The novelty of this approach lies in the integration of multiple resonance modes, enhancing detection sensitivity and accuracy, coupled with the tunability of the graphene layer via chemical potential. This provides the sensor with high adaptability for diverse sensing applications. With its combination of high sensitivity, robust performance, and versatility, this graphene-based metasurface sensor is poised to serve as a powerful tool for medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and biomolecular analysis.