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<p>Free Space Optical (FSO) communication is proving to be a promising technology for high-speed, secure backhaul links in the 5G/6G network era. At the same time, atmospheric conditions and the system design significantly affect the reliability and performance of the link. The research is aimed at assessing the significance of the choice of the receiver filter to increase the efficiency of FSO link performance. OptiSystem simulation software was used to evaluate four types of filters, namely Bessel, Chebyshev, Butterworth, and Gaussian, to determine the best configuration for improved transmission distance and tolerable BER and Q-factor. Tests were performed across the range of transmission powers (100–1000 mW), data rates (1.25-10 Gbps), and environmental conditions (clear, rain/snow, fog). It is demonstrated that the Gaussian filter outperforms other filters with an optimal transmission distance of 4600&#xa0;m, acceptable BER (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:3.27\times\:{10}^{-6}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) and Q-factor (4.51) under clear weather at a transmission power of 1000 mW. Performance under adverse weather conditions notably deteriorated, maximum distance was reduced to 570&#xa0;m under rain/snow weather and 310&#xa0;m in foggy weather at 10 Gbps data rate. This research provides critical information to engineers designing FSO systems with a focus on developing a reliable backhaul link in the next generation of wireless networks in areas with fluctuating atmospheric conditions.</p>

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Enhancing free space optical link performance in 5G/6G networks through optimal filter selection

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月25日

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  • Mustafa Ghanim,
  • Ayman N. Muhi,
  • Mohaimen Q. Algburi,
  • Mustafa Sami Ahmed

摘要

Free Space Optical (FSO) communication is proving to be a promising technology for high-speed, secure backhaul links in the 5G/6G network era. At the same time, atmospheric conditions and the system design significantly affect the reliability and performance of the link. The research is aimed at assessing the significance of the choice of the receiver filter to increase the efficiency of FSO link performance. OptiSystem simulation software was used to evaluate four types of filters, namely Bessel, Chebyshev, Butterworth, and Gaussian, to determine the best configuration for improved transmission distance and tolerable BER and Q-factor. Tests were performed across the range of transmission powers (100–1000 mW), data rates (1.25-10 Gbps), and environmental conditions (clear, rain/snow, fog). It is demonstrated that the Gaussian filter outperforms other filters with an optimal transmission distance of 4600 m, acceptable BER ( \(\:3.27\times\:{10}^{-6}\) ) and Q-factor (4.51) under clear weather at a transmission power of 1000 mW. Performance under adverse weather conditions notably deteriorated, maximum distance was reduced to 570 m under rain/snow weather and 310 m in foggy weather at 10 Gbps data rate. This research provides critical information to engineers designing FSO systems with a focus on developing a reliable backhaul link in the next generation of wireless networks in areas with fluctuating atmospheric conditions.