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<p>The present study proposes a three-dimensional metasurface absorber comprising gold nanodisks stacked with nanowalls to achieve enhanced resonance wavelength tunability and refractive index sensitivity in the mid- and far-infrared regions. By increasing the nanowall height from 0 to 800&#xa0;nm, the resonance wavelength shifts from 6.62 to 6.92&#xa0;µm, demonstrating a clear tunability enabled by the vertical structure. More importantly, the wavelength shift induced by a refractive index change from 1.0 to 2.0 increases significantly from 0.30 to 2.83&#xa0;µm, corresponding to a sensitivity enhancement of more than 9.4 times compared to the planar nanodisk design. The maximum sensitivity reaches 2.83&#xa0;µm/RIU, which is higher than most of the previously reported mid- and far-infrared metasurface absorbers. This improvement originates from the plasmonic gold nanodisks and the nanowalls that enhance and redistribute the electromagnetic fields, increasing the interaction with the surrounding dielectric environment. These results demonstrate that the proposed nanodisk–nanowall metasurface provides a simple yet effective approach for achieving high-performance sensing, with strong potential for applications in infrared biosensors and photonic devices.</p>

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Metasurface absorbers comprising nanodisks stacked with nanowalls

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月28日

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  • Tzu-Yuan Lin,
  • Harry Miyosi Silalahi,
  • Priscilla Prasannan,
  • Chan-Yi Chang,
  • Pin-Chieh Wu,
  • Chia-Yi Huang

摘要

The present study proposes a three-dimensional metasurface absorber comprising gold nanodisks stacked with nanowalls to achieve enhanced resonance wavelength tunability and refractive index sensitivity in the mid- and far-infrared regions. By increasing the nanowall height from 0 to 800 nm, the resonance wavelength shifts from 6.62 to 6.92 µm, demonstrating a clear tunability enabled by the vertical structure. More importantly, the wavelength shift induced by a refractive index change from 1.0 to 2.0 increases significantly from 0.30 to 2.83 µm, corresponding to a sensitivity enhancement of more than 9.4 times compared to the planar nanodisk design. The maximum sensitivity reaches 2.83 µm/RIU, which is higher than most of the previously reported mid- and far-infrared metasurface absorbers. This improvement originates from the plasmonic gold nanodisks and the nanowalls that enhance and redistribute the electromagnetic fields, increasing the interaction with the surrounding dielectric environment. These results demonstrate that the proposed nanodisk–nanowall metasurface provides a simple yet effective approach for achieving high-performance sensing, with strong potential for applications in infrared biosensors and photonic devices.