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<p>Artificial atomic composite structures (i.e., artificial molecules) can generate many novel optical phenomena distinct from those of individual artificial atoms. By employing splitting ring resonators (SRRs) as resonant units and varying their arrangements, tailored optical behaviors can be obtained and applied in various fields. In this work we explore a way to control the strong and weak interaction of the three-dimensional (3D) SRR artificial molecule by changing the mutual distance and orientation of two SRR units. By analogy with molecular orbital theory, we employ the plasmon hybridization model to analyze the plasmon molecular bonds formed at the new resonant modes of this structure, and further combine the near field distribution to confirm the degree of coupling at the new resonant modes. We have observed that the electric field overlap region of the plasmonic σ molecular bond in the near field is larger than that of the plasmonic π molecular bond, indicating stronger coupling of σ bond than π bond. These theoretical findings hold significant importance as they offer guidance on coupling physical mechanisms in designing SRR metamaterials. Furthermore, this approach offers a clear and intuitive physical understanding for manipulating interactions between other artificial molecules.</p>

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Control of plasmonic σ and π bonding in three-dimensional split-ring resonator artificial molecules

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月19日

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  • Li-Hong Hong,
  • Qiu-Rong Deng,
  • Zi-Tao Ji,
  • Zhi-Yuan Li

摘要

Artificial atomic composite structures (i.e., artificial molecules) can generate many novel optical phenomena distinct from those of individual artificial atoms. By employing splitting ring resonators (SRRs) as resonant units and varying their arrangements, tailored optical behaviors can be obtained and applied in various fields. In this work we explore a way to control the strong and weak interaction of the three-dimensional (3D) SRR artificial molecule by changing the mutual distance and orientation of two SRR units. By analogy with molecular orbital theory, we employ the plasmon hybridization model to analyze the plasmon molecular bonds formed at the new resonant modes of this structure, and further combine the near field distribution to confirm the degree of coupling at the new resonant modes. We have observed that the electric field overlap region of the plasmonic σ molecular bond in the near field is larger than that of the plasmonic π molecular bond, indicating stronger coupling of σ bond than π bond. These theoretical findings hold significant importance as they offer guidance on coupling physical mechanisms in designing SRR metamaterials. Furthermore, this approach offers a clear and intuitive physical understanding for manipulating interactions between other artificial molecules.