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<p>This paper presents an innovative method to control the apodized photonic bandgap spectrum (PBG) by modulating the refractive index of nonlinear refractive materials using a Gaussian beam. We analyze how the spectral properties of a one-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) composed of a harmonic structure and a layered PC change with the intensity and initial phase of the Gaussian beam. The materials of the PC structure are SiO<sub>2</sub> and indium tin oxide nanoparticles (ITON), and the nonlinear refractive index <i>n</i><sub><i>nl</i></sub> of ITON is 10<sup>− 7</sup> cm<sup>2</sup>/W. In this paper, the transmission spectral characteristics of the harmonic structure and the layered PC structure are studied with and without the Gaussian control beam. The output power of the Gaussian beam used in the simulation is 200–300 mW. The results show that the apodized PC can change the PBG spectrum width, main frequency position of spectrum, and the appearance of narrowband defect modes, which suggests that the PC can be utilized as a sensor. The results of this study will open the way to new applications in photonic circuits, sensors, and communication technologies where precise control of light propagation is essential. This study will not only deepen the fundamental understanding of photonic materials, but also open new avenues for the development of next-generation photonic systems.</p>

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Light intensity-tuned apodized photonic structure as a controllable photonic device

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月28日

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  • K. Ch. Son,
  • I. M. Efimov,
  • N. A. Vanyushkin,
  • A. H. Gevorgyan

摘要

This paper presents an innovative method to control the apodized photonic bandgap spectrum (PBG) by modulating the refractive index of nonlinear refractive materials using a Gaussian beam. We analyze how the spectral properties of a one-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) composed of a harmonic structure and a layered PC change with the intensity and initial phase of the Gaussian beam. The materials of the PC structure are SiO2 and indium tin oxide nanoparticles (ITON), and the nonlinear refractive index nnl of ITON is 10− 7 cm2/W. In this paper, the transmission spectral characteristics of the harmonic structure and the layered PC structure are studied with and without the Gaussian control beam. The output power of the Gaussian beam used in the simulation is 200–300 mW. The results show that the apodized PC can change the PBG spectrum width, main frequency position of spectrum, and the appearance of narrowband defect modes, which suggests that the PC can be utilized as a sensor. The results of this study will open the way to new applications in photonic circuits, sensors, and communication technologies where precise control of light propagation is essential. This study will not only deepen the fundamental understanding of photonic materials, but also open new avenues for the development of next-generation photonic systems.