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<p>Rapid and label-free detection of microorganisms is crucial for healthcare and therapeutic applications. We designed a two-arm Archimedean spiral antenna on Rogers RT/duroid 5880 substrates (dielectric constant = 2.2) to achieve this goal. Simulations, conducted via high-frequency simulator software (HFSS) based on the finite element method, demonstrate the antenna’s high sensitivity for biomaterial sensing in the THz frequency band. The antenna achieves dual-mode resonance frequencies of 4.135 THz and 3.161 THz. To enhance practical applications for biological material sensing, a thin-film dielectric layer was added above the antenna surface to serve as the analyte layer. We investigated the frequency shift concerning the thickness and dielectric constant of this layer. The designed antenna exhibits a peak sensitivity of 1.456 THz/RIU and a thickness sensitivity of 175.5&#xa0;GHz/µm for low thickness ranges. Additionally, the figure of merit (FoM) is calculated to be 66.171 RIU<sup>− 1</sup>. The designed antenna has a high realized gain of 7.749 dB and a high radiation efficiency of 97.99%. We also showed the proposed device for the detection of cancer cells and tuberculosis cells. This innovative metamaterial THz sensor shows significant potential for the precise detection of biological materials.</p>

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Highly sensitive, gain and efficient metamaterial THz antenna for biosensing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月10日

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  • Khalid Ansari,
  • Saugata Hazra,
  • Arup Samanta

摘要

Rapid and label-free detection of microorganisms is crucial for healthcare and therapeutic applications. We designed a two-arm Archimedean spiral antenna on Rogers RT/duroid 5880 substrates (dielectric constant = 2.2) to achieve this goal. Simulations, conducted via high-frequency simulator software (HFSS) based on the finite element method, demonstrate the antenna’s high sensitivity for biomaterial sensing in the THz frequency band. The antenna achieves dual-mode resonance frequencies of 4.135 THz and 3.161 THz. To enhance practical applications for biological material sensing, a thin-film dielectric layer was added above the antenna surface to serve as the analyte layer. We investigated the frequency shift concerning the thickness and dielectric constant of this layer. The designed antenna exhibits a peak sensitivity of 1.456 THz/RIU and a thickness sensitivity of 175.5 GHz/µm for low thickness ranges. Additionally, the figure of merit (FoM) is calculated to be 66.171 RIU− 1. The designed antenna has a high realized gain of 7.749 dB and a high radiation efficiency of 97.99%. We also showed the proposed device for the detection of cancer cells and tuberculosis cells. This innovative metamaterial THz sensor shows significant potential for the precise detection of biological materials.