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<p>Ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing (UDWDM) has been proposed to allow multiple wavelength channels to be transmitted through free space optics (FSO) to enhance bandwidth and channel capacity in wireless optical communication systems. Thus, this study proposed a 1.28 Tbps data transmission rate utilizing UDWDM in FSO networks under various weather circumstances. Considering this, it was examined how effectively the proposed system performs in the presence of a variety of weather conditions, including clear air, light mist, and fog. The study evaluated the performance of the proposed UDWDM-FSO system and investigated various channel configurations by maintaining a channel spacing of 0.2&#xa0;nm/25 GHz to determine the system’s dependability and practicality for optical communications. The reliability and accuracy of results were confirmed based on quality factor (QF), bit error rate (BER), and optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR), with attenuation varying from 0.22 dB/km in clear air to 273.39 dB/km in dense fog across different link distances up to 5&#xa0;km. The obtained results show that the proposed system demonstrated optimal performance with QF ≥ 4, a minimum BER value of 10<sup>− 5</sup>, and minimum OSNR values of 32 dB at 1&#xa0;km to 14 dB at 5&#xa0;km of clear air, 18.2 dB at 1&#xa0;km for light fog and 21.8 dB at 0.1&#xa0;km for dense fog. It can be concluded that while UDWDM-FSO systems can achieve high data rates and maintain robust performance under favorable weather conditions, their efficiency is significantly compromised under adverse weather conditions with high attenuation values.</p>

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Design and performance analysis of 1.28Tbps ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing in free space optical networks under diverse weather conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月26日

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  • Ashenafi Paulos Forsido,
  • Demissie Jobir Gelmecha,
  • Ram Sewak Singh

摘要

Ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing (UDWDM) has been proposed to allow multiple wavelength channels to be transmitted through free space optics (FSO) to enhance bandwidth and channel capacity in wireless optical communication systems. Thus, this study proposed a 1.28 Tbps data transmission rate utilizing UDWDM in FSO networks under various weather circumstances. Considering this, it was examined how effectively the proposed system performs in the presence of a variety of weather conditions, including clear air, light mist, and fog. The study evaluated the performance of the proposed UDWDM-FSO system and investigated various channel configurations by maintaining a channel spacing of 0.2 nm/25 GHz to determine the system’s dependability and practicality for optical communications. The reliability and accuracy of results were confirmed based on quality factor (QF), bit error rate (BER), and optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR), with attenuation varying from 0.22 dB/km in clear air to 273.39 dB/km in dense fog across different link distances up to 5 km. The obtained results show that the proposed system demonstrated optimal performance with QF ≥ 4, a minimum BER value of 10− 5, and minimum OSNR values of 32 dB at 1 km to 14 dB at 5 km of clear air, 18.2 dB at 1 km for light fog and 21.8 dB at 0.1 km for dense fog. It can be concluded that while UDWDM-FSO systems can achieve high data rates and maintain robust performance under favorable weather conditions, their efficiency is significantly compromised under adverse weather conditions with high attenuation values.